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It is by now a well known fact in the graph learning community that the presence of bottlenecks severely limits the ability of graph neural networks to propagate information over long distances. What so far has not been appreciated is that,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Christian Koke , Abhishek Saroha , Yuesong Shen , Marvin Eisenberger , Daniel Cremers

We consider a variant of so called power-law random graph. A sequence of expected degrees corresponds to a power-law degree distribution with finite mean and infinite variance. In previous works the asymptotic picture with number of nodes…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-12-12 Hannu Reittu , Ilkka Norros

We give exact relations for certain types of the hierarchic fractal structures. In the blatant distinction from regular networks of the "small world" (SW) topology [1], regular fractal networks manifests the logarithmic dependence of the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Gregory Surdutovich , Vladimir Gol'dshtein , Gennady Koganov

A small-world topology characterizes many complex systems including the structural and functional organization of brain networks. The topology allows simultaneously for local and global efficiency in the interaction of the system…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-30 Sinisa Pajevic , Dietmar Plenz

Random network models generated using sparse exchangeable graphs have provided a mechanism to study a wide variety of complex real-life networks. In particular, these models help with investigating power-law properties of degree…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-17 Bikramjit Das , Tiandong Wang , Gengling Dai

Many real-world complex systems such as social, biological, information as well as technological systems results of a decentralized and unplanned evolution which leads to a common structuration. Irrespective of their origin, these so-called…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-05-03 Chantal Cherifi , Jean-François Santucci

Random graphs with power-law degrees can model scale-free networks as sparse topologies with strong degree heterogeneity. Mathematical analysis of such random graphs proved successful in explaining scale-free network properties such as…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-05-24 Clara Stegehuis , Remco van der Hofstad , Johan S. H. van Leeuwaarden

A main goal in the analysis of a complex system is to infer its underlying network structure from time-series observations of its behaviour. The inference process is often done by using bi-variate similarity measures, such as the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2019-09-06 Rodrigo A. García , Arturo C. Martí , Cecilia Cabeza , Nicolás Rubido

The study of the interplay between the structure and dynamics of complex multilevel systems is a pressing challenge nowadays. In this paper, we use a semi-annealed approximation to study the stability properties of Random Boolean Networks…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-10-31 Emanuele Cozzo , Alex Arenas , Yamir Moreno

We introduce the concept of self-healing in the field of complex networks. Obvious applications range from infrastructural to technological networks. By exploiting the presence of redundant links in recovering the connectivity of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-03-05 Walter Quattrociocchi , Guido Caldarelli , Antonio Scala

We present a new technique for proving logarithmic upper bounds for diameters of evolving random graph models, which is based on defining a coupling between random graphs and variants of random recursive trees. The advantage of the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-10-24 Abbas Mehrabian

Complex networks of real-world systems are believed to be controlled by common phenomena, producing structures far from regular or random. These include scale-free degree distributions, small-world structure and assortative mixing by…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-05-24 Lovro Šubelj , Marko Bajec

Scale-free networks are ubiquitous in social, biological and technological networked systems. Dynamic Scale-free networks and their synchronizations are important to understand and predict the behavior of social, biological and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Rakib Hassan Pran

It is commonly known that there exist short paths between vertices in a network showing the small-world effect. Yet vertices, for example, the individuals living in society, usually are not able to find the shortest paths, due to the very…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Han Zhu , Zhuang-Xiong Huang

This research establishes that many real-world networks exhibit bounded expansion, a strong notion of structural sparsity, and demonstrates that it can be leveraged to design efficient algorithms for network analysis. We analyze several…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-10-15 Erik D. Demaine , Felix Reidl , Peter Rossmanith , Fernando Sanchez Villaamil , Somnath Sikdar , Blair D. Sullivan

We demonstrate that graph-based models are fully capable of representing higher-order interactions, and have a long history of being used for precisely this purpose. This stands in contrast to a common claim in the recent literature on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-20 Tiago P. Peixoto , Leto Peel , Thilo Gross , Manlio De Domenico

Small-world graphs, which combine randomized and structured elements, are seen as prevalent in nature. Jon Kleinberg showed that in some graphs of this type it is possible to route, or navigate, between vertices in few steps even with very…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-11-18 Oskar Sandberg

The prevalence of many urban phenomena changes systematically with population size. We propose a theory that unifies models of economic complexity and cultural evolution to derive urban scaling. The theory accounts for the difference in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-12-28 Andres Gomez-Lievano , Oscar Patterson-Lomba , Ricardo Hausmann

The degree distribution of a real world network -- the number of links per node -- often follows a power law, with some hubs having many more links than traditional graph generation methods predict. For years, preferential attachment and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Josh Johnston , Tim Andersen

We present a general model for the growth of weighted networks in which the structural growth is coupled with the edges' weight dynamical evolution. The model is based on a simple weight-driven dynamics and a weights' reinforcement…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Alain Barrat , Marc Barthelemy , Alessandro Vespignani