Related papers: Can we Measure Superflow on Quenching He4?
In the light of recent difficulties in observing vortices in quenches of liquid $^{4}$He to its superfluid state we re-examine the Zurek scenario for their production. We find that the standard prediction is suspect because of a confusion…
Motivated by the study of cosmological phase transitions, our understanding of the formation of topological defects during spontaneous symmetry-breaking and the associated non-equilibrium field theory has recently changed. Experiments have…
A new experiment has been performed to study the formation of topological defects (quantized vortices) during rapid quenches of liquid 4He through the superfluid transition, with particular care taken to minimise vortex creation via…
We examine the Zurek scenario for the production of vortices in quenches of liquid $^{4}He$ in the light of recent experiments. Extending our previous results to later times, we argue that short wavelength thermal fluctuations make vortices…
In the light of recent difficulties in observing vortices in quenches of liquid helium 4 to its superfluid state we re-examine the Zurek scenario for their production. We argue that experiments in helium 4 are unlikely to produce true…
The lambda point in liquid He4 is a well established phenomenon acknowledged as an example of Bose-Einstain condensation. This is generally accepted, but there are serious discrepancies between the theory and experimental results, namely…
Zurek suggested [Nature 317 (1985) 505] that the Kibble mechanism, through which topological defects such as cosmic strings are believed to have been created in the early Universe, can also result in the formation of topological defects in…
Heat is carried in superfluid He-4 by the motion of the normal fluid$^{1}$, a counterflowing superfluid component serving to eliminate any net mass flow. It has been known for many years that above a critical heat current the superfluid…
A density functional theory is used to investigate the instability arising in superfluid $^4$He as it flows at velocity u just above the Landau critical velocity of rotons v_c. Confirming an early theoretical prediction by one of us [JETP…
A superfluid having atomic scale superflow of a hexagonal lattice of vortex and antivortex filaments, described by a single macroscopic wave function is presented as a supersolid. As superfluid \he4 is pressurized, at a first order…
We show that vortex nucleation in superfluid $^3$He by rapid thermal quench in the presence of superflow is dominated by a transverse instability of the moving normal-superfluid interface. Exact expressions for the instability threshold as…
Recently, it has been argued by Kuklov et al., that unusual features associated with the superflow-through-solid effect observed in solid He4 can be explained by unique properties of dilute distribution of superfluid edge dislocations. We…
Nearly a decade ago the old controversy about possible superfluid flow in the ground state of solid He4 was revived by the apparent experimental observation of such superflow. Although the experimentalists have recently retracted, very…
We have performed a high resolution specific heat measurement on 4He completely filling the pores of Vycor glass. Within 10mK of the superfluid transition we have found a peak in the heat capacity which is only 0.02% the size of the…
Observations of quantum turbulence in pure superfluid 4He in a rotating container are reported. New techniques of large-scale forcing (rotational oscillations of the cubic container) and detecting (monitoring ion transport along the axis of…
We describe a new technique, using thin lines of triplet-state He2 molecular tracers created by femtosecond-laser field-ionization of helium atoms, for visualizing the flow of the normal fluid in superfluid 4He, together with its…
We present a microscopic theory of superfluid $^4$He, formulated using the overall experimental observations as input information. With the theory of a consistent basis, we answer all of the essential questions regarding He II.
Hydrodynamic flow in both classical and quantum fluids can be either laminar or turbulent. To describe the latter, vortices in turbulent flow are modelled with stable vortex filaments. While this is an idealization in classical fluids,…
Based on the theory of the thermodynamic equilibrium in a system of quantum vortices in superfluids in the presence of a counterflow, the influence of a vortex tangle on various thermodynamic phenomena in quantum liquids is studied. Using…
Liquid 4He has been studied extensively for almost a century, but there are still a number of outstanding weak or missing links in our comprehension of it. This paper reviews some of the principal paths taken in previous research and then…