Related papers: On the sign of the static dielectric function at T…
Various types of equilibrium processes involve electric fields. In some cases, the electrical energy appears to be negative (e.g. if the voltage is fixed by an external source). This paper explains how to derive the correct thermo-dynamic…
Using the gauge-gravity duality, we argue that for a certain class of out-of-equilibrium steady-state systems in contact with a thermal background at a given temperature, the macroscopic physics can be captured by an effective thermodynamic…
In strongly interacting electron systems with low density and at low temperature the thermodynamic density of states is negative. It creates difficulties with understanding of the Einstein relation between conductivity and diffusion…
The Seebeck coefficient of a metal is expected to display a linear temperature-dependence in the zero-temperature limit. To attain this regime, it is often necessary to cool the system well below 1K. We put under scrutiny the magnitude of…
For a strongly coupled system that has a gravity dual description, we show that the standard holographic dictionary yields a nonnegative susceptibility when the system is in thermodynamic equilibrium and the correlation function is…
Based on an exactly solvable model of a nearly homogeneous solid (jellium+phonons), we compute the optical dielectric function exactly at zero temperature in any number of spatial dimensions. It is argued as we have done elsewhere, that the…
The zeroth law of thermodynamics involves a transitivity relation (pairwise between three objects) expressed either in terms of `equal temperature' (ET), or `in equilibrium' (EQ) conditions. In conventional thermodynamics conditional on…
We study the thermalization of an elementary quantum system modeled by a two-level atom interacting with stationary electromagnetic fields out of thermal equilibrium near a dielectric slab. The slab is held at a temperature different from…
We show that the zeroth principle of thermodynamics applies to aging quasistationary states of long-range interacting $N$-body Hamiltonian systems. We also discuss the measurability of the temperature in these out-of-equilibrium states…
We ask what happens when two systems having a nonequilibrium steady state are kept in contact and allowed to exchange a quantity, say mass, which is conserved in the combined system. Will the systems eventually evolve to a new stationary…
We study the nonequilibrium steady state thermodynamics of a photodevice which can operate as a solar cell or a photoconductor, depending on the degree of asymmetry of the junction. The thermodynamic efficiency is captured by a single…
We present an inequality that gives a lower bound on the expectation value of certain two-body interaction potentials in a general state on Fock space in terms of the corresponding expectation value for thermal equilibrium states of…
The meaning of temperature in nonequilibrium thermodynamics is considered by using a forced harmonic oscillator in a heat bath, where we have two effective temperatures for the position and the momentum, respectively. We invent a concrete…
We show how the stability conditions for a system of interacting fermions that conventionally involve variations of thermodynamic potentials can be rewritten in terms of one- and two-particle correlators. We illustrate the applicability of…
Two- and three-dimensional electron gases with a uniform neutralizing background are studied at negative compressibility. Parametrized expressions for the dielectric function are used to access this strong-coupling regime, where the…
On the basis of the exact relations the general formula for the static dielectric permittivity e(q,0) for Coulomb system is found in the region of small wave vectors q. The obtained formuladescribes the dielectric function e(q,0) of the…
Density Functional Theory relies on universal functionals characteristic of a given system. Those functionals in general are different for the electron gas and for jellium (electron gas with uniform background). However, jellium is…
The dielectric response and structural properties of finite-temperature electron liquids are central to accurately describing the physical behavior of electronic systems. This study presents a robust analytical model for the static…
The many-body ground state of a two-dimensional electron system can be tuned by Coulomb engineering through control of the dielectric environment. However, in conventional dielectrics the static permittivity is restricted to positive…
We provide a proof of the necessary and sufficient condition on the profile of the temperature, chemical potential, and angular velocity for a charged perfect fluid in dynamic equilibrium to be in thermodynamic equilibrium not only in fixed…