Related papers: Electrodymanics with Toroid Polarization
Recent theoretical and experimental progress on the study of ferrotoroidic materials is reviewed. The basic field equations are first described and then the expressions for magnetic toroidal moment and toroidization are derived. Relevant…
The region very close to an electron ($r << r_0 = e^2/mc^2 \approx 2.8\times 10^{-13}$ cm) is, according to quantum electrodynamics, a seething maelstrom of virtual electron-positron pairs flashing in and out of existence. To take account…
A theory of electromagnetism is proposed that is based on the Fermi Lagrangian, which is symmetric under electromagnetic spin rotation. Its features are: - the four-potential is unambiguously determined by the inhomogeneous wave equation…
Quantizing the electromagnetic field with a group formalism faces the difficulty of how to turn the traditional gauge transformation of the vector potential, $A_{\mu}(x)\rightarrow A_{\mu}(x)+\partial_{\mu}\varphi(x)$, into a group law. In…
In this paper, we give the covariant formulation of second gradient electrodynamics, which is a generalized electrodynamics of second order including derivatives of higher order. The relativistic form of the field equations, the…
In the self-sufficient potential formalism, treating all electromagnetic phenomena as natural or forced oscillations of some distributed electromagnetic oscillating system (Minkowski space-time), the electromagnetic potential must be…
Alternative theories of gravity have been recently studied in connection with their cosmological applications, both in the Palatini and in the metric formalism. The aim of this paper is to propose a theoretical framework (in the Palatini…
Lagrangian modelling can be used to derive mathematical models for complex power electronic converters. This approach uses scalar quantities (kinetic and potential energy) to derive models, which is simpler than using (vector-based) force…
In previous papers we have shown how Schr\"{o}dinger's equation which includes an electromagnetic field interaction can be deduced from a fluid dynamical Lagrangian of a charged potential flow that interacts with an electromagnetic field.…
Using the semiclassical theory of electron dynamics, we derive a gauge-invariant expression for the spin toroidization in a periodical crystal. We show that the spin toroidization is comprised of two contributions: one is due to the…
The thermodynamics of an electrically charged, multicomponent fluid with spontaneous electric dipoles and magnetic moments is analysed in the presence of electromagnetic fields. Taking into account the chemical composition of the current…
Multiple bases are presented for the conclusion that potentials are fundamental in electrodynamics, with electric and magnetic fields as quantities auxiliary to the scalar and vector potentials -- opposite to the conventional ordering. One…
This paper provides global formulations of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian variational dynamics evolving on the product of an arbitrary number of two-spheres. Four types of Euler-Lagrange equations and Hamilton's equations are developed in a…
By using complex quaternion, which is the system of quaternion representation extended to complex numbers, we show that the laws of electromagnetism can be expressed much more simply and concisely. We also derive the quaternion…
Classical electrodynamics can be divided into two parts. In the first one, with the use of a plenty of directed quantities, namely multivectors and differential forms, no scalar product is necessary. It is called premetric electrodynamics.…
We introduce a generalized tetrad which plays the role of a potential for torsion and makes torsion dynamic. Starting from the Einstein-Cartan action with torsion, we get two field equations, the Einstein equation and the torsion field…
We reformulate classical electromagnetism within the matter-space framework of relativistic fluid dynamics. The central assumption is that the relevant degrees of freedom are encoded in differential forms on a three-dimensional matter space…
We present various generalizations of the Dirac formalism. The different-parity solutions of the Weinberg's 2(2J+1)-component equations are found. On this basis, generalizations of the Bargmann-Wigner (BW) formalism are proposed. Relations…
A unified and fully relativistic treatment of the interaction of the electric and magnetic dipole moments of a particle with the electromagnetic field is given. New forces on the particle due to the combined effect of electric and magnetic…
Considered is the Schr\"odinger equation in a finite-dimensional space as an equation of mathematical physics derivable from the variational principle and treatable in terms of the Lagrange-Hamilton formalism. It provides an interesting…