Related papers: Superfluid 3He, Particle Physics and Cosmology
Superfluid phases of 3He are quantuim liquids with the interacting fermionic and bosonic fields. In many respects they can simulate the interacting quantum fields in the phyiscal vacuum. One can observe analogs of such phenomena as axial…
There are several classes of homogeneous Fermi-systems which are characterized by the topology of the energy spectrum of fermionic quasiparticles: (1) Gapless systems with a Fermi-surface; (2) Systems with a gap in their spectrum; (3)…
Many direct parallels connect superfluid 3He with the field theories describing the physical vacuum, gauge fields and elementary fermions. Superfluid $^3$He exhibits a variety of topological defects which can be detected with single-defect…
It is now well-recognized that the Universe may behave like a condensed matter system in which several phase transitions have taken place. Superconductors and the superfluid phases of 3He are condensed matter systems with useful…
The gapless fermionic excitations in superfluid 3He-A have a "relativistic" spectrum close to the gap nodes. They are the counterpart of the chiral particles (left-handed and right-handed) in high energy physics above the electroweak…
We discuss topological properties of the ground state of spatially homogeneous ensemble of fermions. There are several classes of topologically different fermionic vacua; in each case the momentum space topology of the vacuum determines the…
Superfluid 3He-A gives example of how chirality, Weyl fermions, gauge fields and gravity appear in low energy corner together with corresponding symmetries, including Lorentz symmetry and local SU(N). This supports idea that quantum field…
Event horizons for fermion quasiparticles naturally arise in moving textures in superconductors and Fermi superfluids. We discuss the example of a planar soliton moving in superfluid 3He-A, which is closely analogous to a charged rotating…
The origin of the excess of matter over antimatter in our Universe remains one of the fundamental problems. The dynamical baryogenesis in the process of the broken symmetry electroweak transition in the expanding Universe is the widely…
Hydrodynamic flow in both classical and quantum fluids can be either laminar or turbulent. To describe the latter, vortices in turbulent flow are modelled with stable vortex filaments. While this is an idealization in classical fluids,…
Many quantum condensed matter systems are strongly correlated and strongly interacting fermionic systems, which cannot be treated perturbatively. However, topology allows us to determine generic features of their fermionic spectrum, which…
Fermionic superfluids provide a new realization of quantum turbulence, accessible to both experiment and theory, yet relevant to phenomena from both cold atoms to nuclear astrophysics. In particular, the strongly interacting Fermi gas…
Superfluid 3He is an unconventional neutral superfluid in a p-wave state with three different superfluid phases each identified by a unique set of characteristic broken symmetries and non- trivial topology. Despite natural immunity of 3He…
It is shown theoretically that ferromagnetic superconductors, UGe$_2$, URhGe, and UCoGe can be described in terms of the A-phase like triplet pairing similar to superfluid $^3$He in a unified way, including peculiar reentrant, S-shape, or…
A comprehensive theory of superconductivity (SC) and superfluidity (SF) is presented of new types III and IV at temperatures into millions of degrees involving phase transitions of fermions in heat reservoirs to form general relativistic…
The friction force on the moving interface between two different vacuum states of superfluid 3He is considered at low temperature. Since the dominating mechanism of the friction is the Andreev reflection of the massless "relativistic"…
Superfluid 3He-A displays the largest variety in vortex structure among the presently known coherent quantum systems. The experimentally verified information comes mostly from NMR measurements on the rotating fluid, from which the…
In contrast to ordinary symmetries, supersymmetry interchanges bosons and fermions. Originally proposed as a symmetry of our universe, it still awaits experimental verification. Here we theoretically show that supersymmetry emerges…
A possibility of the condensation of excitations with a non-zero momentum in rectilinearly moving and rotating superfluid bosonic and fermionic (with Cooper pairing) media is considered in terms of a phenomenological order-parameter…
The signature of superfluidity in bosonic systems is a sound wave-like spectrum of the single particle excitations which in the case of strong interactions is roughly temperature independent. In fermionic systems, where fermion pairing…