Related papers: Equilibrium free energy differences from nonequili…
A process of energy transfer is demonstrated in non-equilibrium charged particle beams with anisotropy and space charge. Equipartitioning of energy between available degrees of freedom occurs in just a few betatron wavelengths, without halo…
We address the consequences of invariance properties of the free energy of spatially inhomogeneous quantum many-body systems. We consider a specific position-dependent transformation of the system that consists of a spatial deformation and…
A generic non-integrable (unitary) out-of-equilibrium quantum process, when interrogated across many times, is shown to yield the same statistics as an (non-unitary) equilibrated process. In particular, using the tools of quantum stochastic…
The Jarzynski equality allows the calculation of free-energy differences using values of work measured from nonequilibrium trajectories. The number of trajectories required to accurately estimate free-energy differences in this way grows…
We consider damped stochastic systems in a controlled (time-varying) quadratic potential and study their transition between specified Gibbs-equilibria states in finite time. By the second law of thermodynamics, the minimum amount of work…
Uncertainty relations play a crucial role in quantum mechanics. Well-defined methods exist for the derivation of such uncertainties for pairs of observables. Other approaches also allow the formulation of time-energy uncertainty relations,…
Non-equilibrium and equilibrium fluid systems differ due to the existence of long-range correlations in non-equilibrium that are not present in equilibrium, except at critical points. Here we examine fluctuations of the temperature, of the…
Given a thermodynamic process which carries a system from one equilibrium state to another, we construct a quantity whose average, over an ensemble of microscopic realizations of the process, depends only on these end states, even if at…
We calculate thermal fluctuation properties: volume-averaged order parameter, Helmholtz free and internal energies, and their variances of a supersaturated disordered phase in the Gibbs canonical ensemble for an asymmetric (third-order…
In this paper we develop a generalized formalism for equilibrium thermodynamic systems when an information is shared between the system and the reservoir. The information results in a correction to the entropy of the system. This extension…
Out of thermal equilibrium, an environment imposes effective mechanical forces on microscopical nanofabricated devices, chemical or biological systems. Here we address the question of how to calculate these forces together with the response…
Alternative approach for description of the non-equilibrium phenomena arising in solids at a severe external loading is analyzed. The approach is based on the new form of kinetic equations in terms of the internal and modified free energy.…
The thermodynamics is studied with the thermodynamic parameter of the lifetime, first-passage time, generalizing the equilibrium thermodynamics. Various ways of describing several stationary nonequilibrium states in the system are…
The amount of work that is needed to change the state of a system in contact with a heat bath between specified initial and final nonequilibrium states is at least equal to the corresponding equilibrium free energy difference plus (resp.…
A parameter method is introduced in order to estimate the relationship among the various variables of a system in equilibrium, where the potential energy functions are incompletely known or the quantum mechanical calculations very…
The equilibrium properties of particles adsorption is investigated theoretically. The model relies on a free energy formulation which allows to generalize the Maxwell-Boltzmann description to solutions for which the bulk volume fraction of…
In this short communication, I give a very simple derivation of the Jarzynski equality, which allows to compute the free energy difference of a body, which is driven between two equilibrium states $A$ and $B$ by an external (time-dependent)…
We characterize the conditions under which a multi-time quantum process with a finite temporal resolution can be approximately described by an equilibrium one. By providing a generalization of the notion of equilibration on average, where a…
We study the conservation of energy, or lack thereof, when measurements are performed in quantum mechanics. The expectation value of the Hamiltonian of a system can clearly change when wave functions collapse in accordance with the standard…
A large family of diffusive models of transport that has been considered in the past years admits a transformation into the same model in contact with an equilibrium bath. This mapping holds at the full dynamical level, and is independent…