Related papers: Second virial coefficient for real gases at high t…
By employing the general expression of temperature $T_{h}=|\kappa|/2\pi = \frac{1}{2\pi \tilde{r}_{A}}(1-\frac{\dot{\tilde{r}}_{A}}{2H\tilde{r}_{A}})$ associated with the apparent horizon of a FRW universe and assuming a region of FRW…
The critical BEC temperature $T_{c}$ of a non interacting boson gas in a layered structure like those of cuprate superconductors is shown to have a minimum $T_{c,m}$, at a characteristic separation between planes $a_{m}$. It is shown that…
Control of cooling and heating processes is essential in many industrial and biological processes. In fact, the time evolution of an observable quantity may differ according to the previous history of the system. For example, a system that…
It is suggested that microscopic vortex rings (MVR) play an important role in the \lambda-transition in helium-II and substantially determine the value of T_{\lambda}. For very thin films of He-II, with thickness d less than the size of the…
Non-equilibrium effects are studied using a full Lorentz-invariant formalism. Our analysis shows that in reactions considered here, no global or local equilibrium is reached. The heavier masses are found to be equilibrated more than the…
We calculate the velocity of sound in an ideal gas of massive hadrons with non-vanishing baryon number. The gas is in thermal and chemical equilibrium. Also we show that the temperature dependence $T(\tau) \cong T_{0} \cdot ({\tau_{0} \over…
The high-precision data for the specific heat C_{V}(T,V) of normal-liquid Helium-3 obtained by Greywall, taken together with the molar volume V(T_0,P) at one temperature T_0, are shown to contain the complete thermodynamic information about…
Isoenergetic thermalization amongst $n$ bodies is a well-known irreversible process, bringing the bodies to a common temperature $T_F$ and leading to a rise in the total entropy of the bodies. We express this change in entropy using the…
We investigate a method to determine the temperature-density relation of the intergalactic medium (IGM) at z~2-4 using quasar absorption line systems. Using a simple model combined with numerical simulations we show that there is a lower…
We report measurements of the electron temperature at about a dozen locations in the extended emission-line regions of five active (Seyfert and radio) galaxies. Temperatures (T_{[OIII]} and T_{[NII]}) have been determined from both the…
We investigate pairing in a strongly interacting two-component Fermi gas with positive scattering length. In this regime, pairing occurs at temperatures above the superfluid critical temperature; unbound fermions and pairs coexist in…
The Interstellar Boundary EXplorer (IBEX) mission has recently studied the flow of interstellar neutral He atoms through the solar system, and discovered the existence of a secondary He flow likely originating in the outer heliosheath. We…
We consider the deconvolution of the thermal and the turbulent profiles for a pair of ions with different atomic weights under the condition that the lines are formed in an absorbing medium with fluctuating density and velocity fields. Our…
The non-isothermal analysis of materials with the application of the Arrhenius equation involves temperature integration. If the frequency factor in the Arrhenius equation depends on temperature with a power-law relationship, the integral…
Making use of a simple approximation for the evolution of the radial distribution function, we calculate the temperature dependence of the heat capacity $C_v$ of Ar at constant density. $C_v$ decreases with temperature roughly according to…
The classic optical nebular diagnostics [N II], [O II], [O III], [S II], [S III], and [Ar III] are employed to search for evidence of non-Maxwellian electron distributions, namely $\kappa$ distributions, in a sample of well-observed…
Experimental measurements and theoretical calculations of state-to-state rate coefficients for rotational energy transfer of CO in collision with H$_2$ are reported at the very low temperatures prevailing in dense interstellar clouds (5 -…
In many fields of statistical physics, for instance in the study of the liquid-gas phase transition in finite nuclear matter, the Virial coefficients of the Fermi gas play a major role. In this note, we provide relations, sum rules,…
The reionization of the second electron of helium shapes the physical state of intergalactic gas at redshifts between 2 < z < 5. Because performing full in situ radiative transfer in hydrodynamic simulations is computationally expensive for…
Numerical simulations predict that a large number of baryons reside in intergalactic space at temperatures between 10^5-10^7 K. Highly-ionized metals, such as O VII and O VIII, are good tracers of this ``warm-hot intergalactic medium'', or…