Related papers: Probing Gauge String Formation in a Superconductin…
We revisit here the Kibble-Zurek mechanism for superfluid bosons slowly driven across the transition towards the Mott-insulating phase. By means of a combination of the Time-Dependent Variational Principle and a Tree-Tensor Network, we…
The crossing of a continuous phase transition results in the formation of topological defects with a density predicted by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM). We characterize the spatial distribution of point-like topological defects in the…
The formation of topological defects during continuous second-order phase transitions is well described by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM). However, when the spontaneously broken symmetry is only approximate, such transitions become smooth…
The topic of cosmic strings provides a bridge between the physics of the very small and the very large. They are predicted by some unified theories of particle interactions. If they exist, they may help to explain some of the largest-scale…
We extend work done previously concerning the formation of vortices in a U(1)->1 gauge theory at a first order phase transition to the symmetry breaking SU(2)xU(1)->U(1). It is shown that the collision of bubbles, appearing at the phase…
Understanding the confinement mechanism in gauge theories and the universality of effective string-like descriptions of gauge flux tubes remains a fundamental challenge in modern physics. We probe string modes of motion with dynamical…
Cosmic string networks are expected to form in early Universe phase transitions via the Kibble mechanism and are unavoidable in several Beyond the Standard Model theories. While most predictions of observational signals of string networks…
In these lectures, I review cosmological phase transitions and the topological aspects of spontaneous symmetry breaking. I then discuss the formation of walls, strings and monopoles during phase transitions including lattice based studies…
We study phase slips in one-dimensional topological superconducting wires. These wires have been proposed as building blocks for topologically protected qubits in which the quantum information is distributed over the length of the device…
Two established frameworks account for the onset of a gap in a superconducting system: one is based on spontaneous symmetry breaking via the Anderson-Higgs-Kibble mechanism, and the other is based on the recently developed paradigm of…
A consistent theory of supersymmetry breaking must have a hidden sector, an observable sector, and must be embedded in a locally supersymmetric theory which arises from string theory. For phenomenological reasons it must also transmit…
In this study, a possible non-quasiparticle glue for superconductivity of both conventional and unconventional superconductors is explored in a pure electron picture. It is shown clearly that the moving electrons due to the electromagnetic…
We consider an SU(2) gauge theory in six-dimensions. We show that there exists non-trivial structure of gauge vacua in compactified background M4xS2. In this circumstances, there can exist a cosmic string, whose solution is recently…
In this work the effects of defects in the superconducting phases of the twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) are investigated. A will-accepted low energy effective model and a non-magnetic impurity potential to mimic defects are employed.…
The Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM) describes the non-equilibrium dynamics and topological defect formation in systems undergoing second-order phase transitions. KZM has found applications in fields such as cosmology and condensed matter…
The normal confining phase of gauge theories is characterised by the condensation of magnetic monopoles and center vortices. Sometimes in coupled gauge system one finds another phase with simultaneous condensation of electric and magnetic…
We consider the low energy phenomenology of superstrings. In particular we analyse supersymmetry breaking via gaugino condensate and we compare the phenomenology of the two different approaches to stabilize the dilaton field. We study the…
Due to the fact that only matter fields have phase, frequently is believed that the gauge principle can induce gauge fields only in quantum systems. But this is not necessary. This paper, of pedagogical scope, presents a classical system…
We systematically analyze the decay of metastable topological defects that arise from the spontaneous breakdown of gauge or global symmetries. Quantum-mechanical tunneling rates are estimated for a variety of decay processes. The decay rate…
Superbubbles are acyclic induced subgraphs of a digraph with single entrance and exit that naturally arise in the context of genome assembly and the analysis of genome alignments in computational biology. These structures can be computed in…