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Random number has many applications, it plays an important role in quantum information processing. It's not difficult to generate true random numbers, the main difficulty is how to certify the random numbers generated by untrusted devices.…
We investigate the mechanism that leads to systematic deviations in cluster Monte Carlo simulations when correlated pseudo-random numbers are used. We present a simple model, which enables an analysis of the effects due to correlations in…
We investigate the properties of a sequential Monte Carlo method where the particle weight that appears in the algorithm is estimated by a positive, unbiased estimator. We present broadly-applicable convergence results, including a central…
We develop Monte Carlo methods for sampling random states and corresponding bit strings in qubit systems. To this end, we derive exact probability density functions that yield the Porter-Thomas distribution in the limit of large systems. We…
We present experimental results on the effects of using quantum or 'truly' random numbers, as opposed to pseudorandom numbers, in a system that exhibits computational creativity (given its ability to compose original chess problems). The…
Random numbers are central to various applications such as secure communications, quantum key distribution theory (QKD), statistics, and other tasks. One of today's most popular generators is quantum random numbers (QRNGs). The inherent…
Random numbers are required for a variety of applications from secure communications to Monte-Carlo simulation. Yet randomness is an asymptotic property and no output string generated by a physical device can be strictly proven to be…
The future of high-performance computing is aligning itself towards the efficient use of highly parallel computing environments. One application where the use of massive parallelism comes instinctively is Monte Carlo simulations, where a…
Random numbers are a fundamental and useful resource in science and engineering with important applications in simulation, machine learning and cyber-security. Quantum systems can produce true random numbers because of the inherent…
Pseudorandom number generators (PRNGs) are ubiquitous in stochastic simulations and machine learning (ML), where they drive sampling, parameter initialization, regularization, and data shuffling. While widely used, the potential impact of…
This paper targets to search so-called \emph{good} generators by doing a brief survey over the generators developed in the history of pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs), verify their claims and rank them based on strong empirical tests…
Random numbers sequences (RNSs) play a vital role in various scientific and engineering applications. They are critical to the integrity of classical and quantum cryptography, the accuracy of mathematical modeling and Monte Carlo…
Currently, statistical tests for random number generators (RNGs) are widely used in practice, and some of them are even included in information security standards. But despite the popularity of RNGs, consistent tests are known only for…
Harnessing quantum processes is an efficient method to generate truly indeterministic random numbers, which are of fundamental importance for cryptographic protocols, security applications or Monte-Carlo simulations. Recently, quantum…
Random numbers are essential for our modern information based society e.g. in cryptography. Unlike frequently used pseudo-random generators, physical random number generators do not depend on complex algorithms but rather on a physical…
Quantum physics can be exploited to generate true random numbers, which play important roles in many applications, especially in cryptography. Genuine randomness from the measurement of a quantum system reveals the inherent nature of…
Even if the output of a Random Number Generator (RNG) is perfectly uniformly distributed, it may be correlated to pre-existing information and therefore be predictable. Statistical tests are thus not sufficient to guarantee that an RNG is…
Random numbers are central to cryptography and various other tasks. The intrinsic probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics has allowed us to construct a large number of quantum random number generators (QRNGs) that are distinct from the…
Quantum random number generators can provide genuine randomness by appealing to the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. In general, a physical generator contains two parts---a randomness source and its readout. The source is…
This is basically a review of the field of Quasi-Monte Carlo intended for computational physicists and other potential users of quasi-random numbers. As such, much of the material is not new, but is presented here in a style hopefully more…