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Fibers constitute the backbone of modern communication and are used in laser surgeries; fibers also genarate coherent X-ray, guided-sound and supercontinuum. In contrast, fibers for capillary oscillations, which are unique to liquids, were…
A type of 3-dimensional optical negative-refractive-index metamaterials composed of all dielectric nanospheres is proposed and demonstrated theoretically. The metamaterials are constructeded by pairing together two kinds of dielectric…
Thanks to Victor Veselago for his hypothesis of negative index of refraction, metamaterials -- engineered composites -- can be designed to have properties difficult or impossible to find in nature: they can have both electrical permitivity…
We present observation of large, expanding string loops forming around a heated wire tip embedded in a nematic liquid crystal sample. Loops expand due to convective stretching. This observation leads to a new insight into phenomena which…
We treat string propagation and interaction in the presence of a background Neveu-Schwarz three-form field strength, suitable for describing vortex rings in a superfluid or low-viscosity normal fluid. A circular vortex ring exhibits…
The Young\'s modulus of a nylon string has been determined experimentally by combining elasticity theory and wave optics. A diffraction experiment has been setup to determine the change in the string diameter for different tensile forces…
Linear defects are generic in continuous media. In quantum systems they appear as topological line defects which are associated with a circulating persistent current. In relativistic quantum vacuum they are known as cosmic strings, in…
We investigate the possibility that part of the dark matter is not made out of the usual cold dark matter (CDM) dustlike particles, but is under the form of a fluid of strings with barotropic factor $w_s = -1/3$ of cosmic origin. To this…
We study the observational signature of vector metric perturbations through the effect of weak gravitational lensing. In the presence of vector perturbations, the non-vanishing signals for B-mode cosmic shear and curl-mode deflection angle,…
An optical equation for null strings is derived. The equation is similar to Sachs' optical equations for null geodesic congruences. The string optical equation is given in terms of a single complex scalar function $Z$, which is a…
The rotating string model is an effective model of mesons, in which the quark and the antiquark are linked by a straight string. We previously developed a new framework to include the retardation effects in the rotating string model, but…
The remarkable advancements in our capacity to synthesise structured light have facilitated the generation of any desired optical landscapes and even controlling the spatial distribution of light propagating through optically complex media…
We search for transient variations of the fine structure constant using data from a European network of fiber-linked optical atomic clocks. By searching for coherent variations in the recorded clock frequency comparisons across the network,…
Signatures of superfluid-like behaviour have recently been observed experimentally in a nonlinear optical mesh lattice, where the arrival time of optical pulses propagating in a pair of coupled optical fiber loops is interpreted as a…
A new class of artificially structured materials called metamaterials makes it possible to achieve electromagnetic properties that do not exist in nature. In this paper we review the recent progress made in the area of optical…
Optical fibre is drawn from a dual-head 3D printer fabricated preform made of two optically transparent plastics with a high index core (NA ~ 0.25, V > 60). The asymmetry observed in the fibre arises from asymmetry in the 3D printing…
Chiral nematic liquid crystals are one-dimensional photonic band-gap materials whose reflection wavelength can be well tuned by temperature, but only limited and irreversible tuning can be achieved by electric fields. In contrast, oblique…
Cosmic superstring loops within the galaxy microlens background point sources lying close to the observer-string line of sight. For suitable alignments, multiple paths coexist and the (achromatic) flux enhancement is a factor of two. We…
Semiconductor nanocrystals are a promising class of materials for a variety of novel optoelectronic devices, since many of their properties, such as the electronic gap and conductivity, can be controlled. Much of this control is achieved…
The race to engineering metamaterials comprising of a negative refractive index in the optical range has been fueled by the realization of negative index materials for GHz frequencies six years ago. Sheer miniaturization of the GHz resonant…