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Electron-electron interactions strongly affect the behavior of low-dimensional systems. In one dimension (1D), arbitrarily weak interactions qualitatively alter the ground state producing a Luttinger liquid (LL) which has now been observed…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2007-10-04 Vikram V. Deshpande , Marc Bockrath

Wigner crystals (WC) are electronic phases peculiar to low-density systems, particularly in the uniform electron gas. Since its introduction in the early twentieth century, this model has remained essential to many aspects of electronic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-05-01 Fergus J. M. Rogers , Pierre-François Loos

When the Coulomb repulsion between electrons dominates over their kinetic energy, electrons in two dimensional systems were predicted to spontaneously break continuous translation symmetry and form a quantum crystal. Efforts to observe this…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-07-07 T. Smoleński , P. E. Dolgirev , C. Kuhlenkamp , A. Popert , Y. Shimazaki , P. Back , M. Kroner , K. Watanabe , T. Taniguchi , I. Esterlis , E. Demler , A. Imamoğlu

We report evidence that the metallic phase in high Tc cuprate superconductors results from an instability of the quasi 2D-electron gas at densities lower or larger than the critical density for the formation of a Wigner polaronic crystal.…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-06-30 Antonio Bianconi , Mauro Missori

A system of confined charged electrons interacting via the long-range Coulomb force can form a Wigner crystal due to their mutual repulsion. This happens when the potential energy of the system dominates over its kinetic energy, i.e., at…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-03-24 DinhDuy Vu , Sankar Das Sarma

A Wigner crystal, a regular electron lattice arising from strong correlation effects, is one of the earliest predicted collective electronic states. This many-body state exhibits quantum and classical phase transitions and has been proposed…

A one--dimensional gas of electrons interacting with long--range Coulomb forces ($V(r) \approx 1/r$) is investigated. The excitation spectrum consists of separate collective charge and spin modes, with the charge excitation energies in…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-11-26 H. J. Schulz

We present experimental evidence of emergent density wave instability in single crystalline low dimensional wires of Yittrium based Pyrochlore Iridates. We demonstrate electric field induced nonlinear hysteretic switching of the density…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-04-05 Abhishek Juyal , Amit Agarwal , Soumik Mukhopadhyay

We study the effects of weak disorder on a Wigner crystal in a magnetic field. We show that an elastic description of the pinned Wigner crystal provides an excellent framework to obtain most of the physically relevant observables. Using…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-07 R. Chitra , T. Giamarchi , P. Le Doussal

We study the sliding state of a two-dimensional Wigner crystal in a strong magnetic field and a random impurity potential. Using a high-velocity perturbation theory, we compute the nonlinear conductivity, various correlation functions, and…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-22 Xuejun Zhu , P. B. Littlewood , A. J. Millis

It is generally believed that a Wigner Crystal in single layer graphene can not form because the magnitudes of the Coulomb interaction and the kinetic energy scale similarly with decreasing electron density. However, this scaling argument…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-03-08 P. G. Silvestrov , P. Recher

The crystallization of charge carriers, dubbed the Wigner crystal, is anticipated at low densities in clean two-dimensional electronic systems (2DES). While there has been extensive investigation across diverse platforms, probing…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-06-26 Mingjie Zhang , Zhenyu Wang , Yifan Jiang , Yaotian Liu , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Song Liu , Shiming Lei , Yongqing Li , Yang Xu

When the Coulomb interaction dominates over kinetic energy, electrons can crystallize into a Wigner crystal (WC). This paradigmatic correlated electronic phase has been realized in two-dimensional electron gases with parabolic band…

One-dimensional (1D) van der Waals (vdW) materials offer nearly defect-free strands as channel material in the field-effect transistor (FET) devices and probably, a better interconnect than conventional copper with higher current density…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-07-12 Bikash Das , Kapildeb Dolui , Rahul Paramanik , Tanima Kundu , Sujan Maity , Anudeepa Ghosh , Mainak Palit , Subhadeep Datta

We study the structural properties of a quasi-one-dimensional classical Wigner crystal, confined in the transverse direction by a parabolic potential. With increasing density, the one-dimensional crystal first splits into a zigzag crystal…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-07-26 Alexios D. Klironomos , Julia S. Meyer

We examine changes in the depinning threshold and conduction noise fluctuations for driven Wigner crystals in the presence of quenched disorder. At low temperatures there is a well defined depinning threshold and a strong peak in the noise…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-04-23 C. Reichhardt , C. J. O. Reichhardt

In a certain regime of low carrier densities and strong correlations, electrons can crystallize into a periodic arrangement of charge known as Wigner crystal. Such phases are particularly interesting in one dimension (1D) as they display a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-11-01 Anuva Aishwarya , Sean Howard , Bikash Padhi , Lihai Wang , Sang-Wook Cheong , Philip W. Phillips , Vidya Madhavan

Generalized Wigner crystals (GWC) on triangular moir\'e superlattices, formed from stacking two layers of transition metal chalcogenides, have been observed at multiple fractional fillings [Nature 587, 214 - 218 (2020), Nat. Phys. 17, 715 -…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-10-01 Aman Kumar , Cyprian Lewandowski , Hitesh J. Changlani

Using acoustic methods the complex high-frequency conductance of high-mobility $n$-GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures was determined in magnetic fields 12$\div$18~T. Based on the observed frequency and temperature dependences we conclude that in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-08-24 I. L. Drichko , I. Yu. Smirnov , A. V. Suslov , Y. M. Galperin , L. N. Pfeiffer , K. W. West

We study properties of Wigner crystal in snaked nanochannels and show that they are characterized by conducting sliding phase at low charge densities and insulating pinned phase emerging above a certain critical charge density. The…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-07-11 O. V. Zhirov , D. L. Shepelyansky
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