Related papers: Negating Negative Heat Capacity in Nanoclusters
We calculate the dependence of heat capacity of a free standing thin membrane on its thickness and temperature. A remarkable fact is that for a given temperature there exists a minimum in the dependence of the heat capacity on the…
For students familiar with equilibrium statistical mechanics, the notion of a positive specific heat, being intimately related to the idea of stability, is both intuitively reasonable and mathematically provable. However, for system in…
The concept of negative temperature (T < 0) is unique to quantum physics and describes systems that are hotter than any positive temperature system. For decades negative temperatures have been shown in a number of spin systems, but…
Small thermodynamic systems exhibit peculiar behavior different from that observed in long-scale systems. Non-equilibrium processes taking place in those systems are strongly influenced by the presence of fluctuations which can be large.…
Conventional thermo-statistics address infinite homogeneous systems within the canonical ensemble. However, some 170 years ago the original motivation of thermodynamics was the description of steam engines, i.e. boiling water. Its essential…
We study heating effects in a chain of weakly coupled grains due to electron-hole pair creation. The main mechanism for the latter at low temperatures is due to inelastic electron cotunneling processes in the array. We develop a…
Quantum vacuum forces dictate the interaction between individual atoms and dielectric surfaces at nanoscale distances. For example, their large strengths typically overwhelm externally applied forces, which makes it challenging to…
The microcanonical ensemble is the proper ensemble to describe black holes which are not in thermodynamic equilibrium, such as radiating black holes. This choice of ensemble eliminates the problems, e.g. negative specific heat and loss of…
The clustering property of an equilibrium bipartite correlation is one of the most general thermodynamic properties in non-critical many-body quantum systems. Herein, we consider the thermalization properties of a system class exhibiting…
We propose a new simple way to evaluate the effect of anharmonicity on a system's thermodynamic functions such as heat capacity. In this approach, the contribution of all potentially complicated anharmonic effects to constant-volume heat…
We calculate the thermodynamic entropy of the mean-field $\phi^4$ spin model in the microcanonical ensemble as a function of the energy and magnetization of the model. The entropy and its derivative are obtained from the theory of large…
The concept of negative temperature has recently received renewed interest in the context of debates about the correct definition of the thermodynamic entropy in statistical mechanics. Several researchers have identified the thermodynamic…
Many systems in the realm of nanophysics from both the living and inorganic world display slow relaxation kinetics of energy fluctuations. In this paper we propose a general explanation for such phenomenon, based on the effects of…
When studying the thermodynamic properties of mesoscopic systems the most appropriate microcanonical entropy is the volume entropy, i.e. the logarithm of the volume of phase space enclosed by the hypersurface of constant energy. For systems…
In nonadditive systems, like small systems or like long-range interacting systems even in the thermodynamic limit, ensemble inequivalence can be related to the occurrence of negative response functions, this in turn being connected with…
The grand canonical ensemble lies at the core of quantum and classical statistical mechanics. A small system thermalizes to this ensemble while exchanging heat and particles with a bath. A quantum system may exchange quantities represented…
A simple model based on the concept of resonant tunnelling clusters of lattice defects is used to explain the low temperature anomalies of hcp 4He crystals (mass decoupling from a torsional oscillator, shear modulus anomaly, dissipation…
One-dimensional chain of core-shell pairs connected by ideal springs enables design of the metamaterial demonstrating the negative effective density and negative specific thermal capacity. We assume that the molar thermal capacity of the…
In recent years, much attention has been paid to the development of techniques which transfer trapped particles to very low temperatures. Here we focus our attention on a heating mechanism which contributes to the finite temperature limit…
Electronic states in metallic nanoclusters form energy shells and degree of their filling depends on the number of delocalized electrons. In the region close to half-filling the cluster geometry oscillates between the prolate and oblate…