Related papers: Evaporative Cooling in Semiconductor Devices
The quantum-mechanical and thermodynamic properties of a 3-level molecular cooling cycle are derived. An inadequacy of earlier models is rectified in accounting for the spontaneous emission and absorption associated with the coupling to the…
We present a comprehensive investigation of nonequilibrium effects and self heating in single electron transfer devices based primarily on the Coulomb blockade effect. During an electron trapping process, a hot electron may be deposited in…
Technological progress in electronics usually requires their use in increasingly aggressive environments, such as rapid thermal cycling and high power density. Thermal diodes appear as excellent candidates to thermally protect critical…
A novel formulation of the electron energy relaxation terms is presented here, which is applicable to plasma flows and discharges wherein the electron temperature could be higher or lower than the gas temperature. It is demonstrated that…
Seventy measurements of electron heating at the Earth's quasi-perpendicular bow shock are analyzed in terms of Maxwellian-temperatures obtained from fits to the core electrons that separate thermal heating from supra-thermal acceleration.…
We consider temperature-induced melting of a Wigner solid in one dimensional (1D) and two dimensional (2D) lattices of electrons interacting via the long-range Coulomb interaction in the presence of strong disorder arising from charged…
Contemporary models of bounded plasmas assume that the target plasma electron temperature far exceeds the temperature of the cold electrons emitted from the target, T_emit. We show that when the sheath facing a collisional plasma becomes…
We predict that superconducting particles will show an apparent increase in thickness at low temperatures when measured by electron holography. This will result not from a real thickness increase, rather from an increase in the mean inner…
We experimentally study the dynamics of a degenerate one-dimensional Bose gas that is subject to a continuous outcoupling of atoms. Although standard evaporative cooling is rendered ineffective by the absence of thermalizing collisions in…
Micro-channel cooling initially aiming at small-sized high-power integrated circuits is being transferred to the field of high energy physics. Today`s prospects of micro-fabricating silicon opens a door to a more direct cooling of detector…
We report on the effect of elastic intervalley scattering on the energy transport between electrons and phonons in many-valley semiconductors. We derive a general expression for the electron-phonon energy flow rate at the limit where…
The inelastic scattering of electrons on weakly-bound nuclei is studied with a simple model based on the long range behavior of the bound state wavefunction and on the effective-range expansion for the continuum wavefunctions. Three…
The first-principle theory of electron dephasing by disorder-induced two state fluctuators is developed. There exist two mechanisms of dephasing. First, dephasing occurs due to direct transitions between the defect levels caused by…
We consider a molecular single electron transistor coupled to a vibrational mode. For some values of the bias and gate voltage transport is possible only by absorption of one ore more phonons. The system acts then as a cooler for the…
Quantum cooling, a deterministic process that drives any state to the lowest eigenstate, has been widely used from studying ground state properties of chemistry and condensed matter quantum physics, to general optimization problems.…
We compare two distincts models of evaporative cooling of a magnetically guided atomic beam: a continuous one, consisting in approximating the atomic distribution function by a truncated equilibrium distribution, and a discrete-step one, in…
Models for quantum absorption refrigerators serve as test beds for exploring concepts and developing methods in quantum thermodynamics. Here, we depart from the minimal, ideal design and consider a generic multilevel model for a quantum…
Cooling of a quantum system is limited by the size of the control forces that are available (the "speed" of control). We consider the most general cooling process, albeit restricted to the regime in which the thermodynamics of the system is…
In this paper the scattering rates of electrons in thin free standing GaAs quantum wires in the electric quantum limit are calculated self-consistently taking into account the collisional broadening caused by scattering processes. The…
The extension of thermodynamics into the quantum regime has received much attention in recent years. A primary objective of current research is to find thermodynamic tasks which can be enhanced by quantum mechanical effects. With this goal…