Related papers: Detecting topological order in a ground state wave…
Symmetry protected topological states cannot be deformed to a trivial state so long as the symmetry is preserved, yet there is no local order parameter that can distinguish them from a trivial state. We demonstrate how to detect whether a…
We analyze the computational aspects of detecting topological order in a quantum many-body system. We contrast the widely used topological entanglement entropy with a recently introduced operational definition for topological order based on…
Realizing topological orders and topological quantum computation is a central task of modern physics. An important but notoriously hard question in this endeavor is how to diagnose topological orders that lack conventional order parameters.…
We introduce a characterization of topological order based on bulk oscillations of the entanglement entropy and the definition of an `entanglement gap', showing that it is generally applicable to pure and disordered quantum systems. Using…
"Topological ordered" phases such as gapped quantum spin-liquids and fractional quantum Hall states possess ground state degeneracy on a torus. We show that the topological nature of this degeneracy has interesting consequences for the…
The organization of the electrons in the ground state is classified by means of topological invariants, defined as global properties of the wavefunction. Here we address the Chern number of a two-dimensional insulator and we show that the…
Topological order is a new type order that beyond Landau's symmetry breaking theory. The topological entanglement entropy provides a universal quantum number to characterize the topological order in a system. The topological entanglement…
In this work the topological order at finite temperature in two-dimensional color code is studied. The topological entropy is used to measure the behavior of the topological order. Topological order in color code arises from the colored…
We discuss and demonstrate an unsupervised machine-learning procedure to detect topological order in quantum many-body systems. Using a restricted Boltzmann machine to define a variational ansatz for the low-energy spectrum, we sample wave…
A special feature of the ground state in a topologically ordered phase is the existence of large scale correlations depending only on the topology of the regions. These correlations can be detected by the topological entanglement entropy or…
Topological phases are unique states of matter incorporating long-range quantum entanglement, hosting exotic excitations with fractional quantum statistics. We report a practical method to identify topological phases in arbitrary realistic…
Topologically ordered states are among the most interesting quantum phases of matter that host emergent quasi-particles having fractional charge and obeying fractional quantum statistics. Theoretical study of such states is however…
The entanglement entropy of the incompressible states of a realistic quantum Hall system are studied by direct diagonalization. The subdominant term to the area law, the topological entanglement entropy, which is believed to carry…
Topologically ordered systems in the presence of symmetries can exhibit new structures which are referred to as symmetry enriched topological (SET) phases. We introduce simple methods to detect the SET order directly from a complete set of…
We show that the concept of topological order, introduced to describe ordered quantum systems which cannot be classified by broken symmetries, also applies to classical systems. Starting from a specific example, we show how to use pure…
We construct an exactly solvable Hamiltonian acting on a 3-dimensional lattice of spin-$\frac 1 2$ systems that exhibits topological quantum order. The ground state is a string-net and a membrane-net condensate. Excitations appear in the…
We elucidate the topological features of the entanglement entropy of a region in two dimensional quantum systems in a topological phase with a finite correlation length $\xi$. Firstly, we suggest that simpler reduced quantities, related to…
We analyze the nature of the structural order established in liquid TIP4P water in the framework provided by the multi-particle correlation expansion of the statistical entropy. Different regimes are mapped onto the phase diagram of the…
A characterization of topological order in terms of bi-partite entanglement was proposed recently [A. Kitaev and J. Preskill, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 110404 (2006); M. Levin and X.-G. Wen, ibid, 110405]. It was argued that in a topological…
Identifying the status of individual network units is critical for understanding the mechanism of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, it is still challenging to reliably give a general indication of unit status, especially for…