Related papers: Negative heat capacity at phase-separation in macr…
We found from experimental data that for noble gases and H$_2$, the energy is positive for the gas phase, and negative for the liquid, possibly except the small vicinity of the critical point, about $(1- T/T_c) \le 0.005$. The line $E=E_c$,…
One- to three-dimensional hypercubic lattices half-filled with localized particles interacting via the long-range Coulomb potential are investigated numerically. The temperature dependences of specific heat, mean staggered occupation, and…
In Markovian dynamics with the local detailed balance condition, we decompose the total entropy production rate into microscopic transitions. By applying this decomposition to the heat to work conversion process, we rigorously show that the…
We consider a Hamiltonian system made of $N$ classical particles moving in two dimensions, coupled via an {\it infinite-range interaction} gauged by a parameter $A$. This system shows a low energy phase with most of the particles trapped in…
According to the recently obtained thermodynamic uncertainty relation, the microcanonical regions with a negative heat capacity can be accessed within a canonical-like description by using a thermostat with a fluctuating inverse…
It is argued that a typical many body energy eigenstate has a well defined thermodynamic entropy and that individual eigenstates possess thermodynamic characteristics analogous to those of generic isolated systems. We examine large systems…
The isobaric caloric curve is considered in subcritical states region. The energy fluctuations along the caloric curve are determined for small nuclear systems which consist of limited number of nucleons. The temperature dependence of heat…
We show that the energy gap for the BCS gap equation is $ \Xi = \mu \left( 8 e^{-2} + o(1)\right) \exp\left( \frac{\pi}{2\sqrt{\mu} a}\right) $ in the low density limit $\mu \to 0$. Together with the similar result for the critical…
We show how to extend the concept of heat capacity to nonequilibrium systems. The main idea is to consider the excess heat released by an already dissipative system when slowly changing the environment temperature. We take the framework of…
Thermal properties of few-fermion (n < 5) systems are investigated. The dependence of the heat capacity on the topology and shape of the cavity containing the particles is analyzed. It is found that the maximum of the heat capacity,…
Low temperature specific heat has been measured in superconductor $\beta$-FeS with T$_c$ = 4.55 K. It is found that the low temperature electronic specific heat C$_e$/T can be fitted to a linear relation in the low temperature region, but…
The energies of a pair of strongly-interacting subsystems with arbitrary noninteger charges are examined from closed and open system perspectives. An ensemble representation of the charge dependence is derived, valid at all interaction…
The Carnot-like heat engines are classified into three types (normal-, sub- and super-dissipative) according to relations between the minimum irreversible entropy production in the "isothermal" processes and the time for completing those…
For a superconductor to be able to receive an external magnetic field, there must be a vacant energy state in the superconductor to receive the energy associated with the field. For a small range of energies near that of the critical…
The concept of negative temperature has recently received renewed interest in the context of debates about the correct definition of the thermodynamic entropy in statistical mechanics. Several researchers have identified the thermodynamic…
Convective available potential energy (CAPE), a metric associated with severe weather, is expected to increase with warming. Under the most widely-accepted theory, developed for strongly convective regimes, mean CAPE should rise following…
Based on the foundations of thermodynamics and the equilibrium conditions for the coexistence of two phases in a magnetic Ising-like system, we show, first, that there is a critical point where the isothermal susceptibility diverges and the…
The grand canonical ensemble lies at the core of quantum and classical statistical mechanics. A small system thermalizes to this ensemble while exchanging heat and particles with a bath. A quantum system may exchange quantities represented…
When we consider charged AdS black holes in higher dimensional spacetime and a molecule number density along coexistence curves is numerically extended to higher dimensional cases. It is found that a number density difference of a small and…
A general formulation of stochastic thermodynamics is presented for open systems exchanging energy and particles with multiple reservoirs. By introducing a partition in terms of "macrostates" (e.g. sets of "microstates"), the consequence on…