Related papers: Negative heat capacity at phase-separation in macr…
The proper definition of entropy is fundamental to the relationship between statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. It also plays a major role in the recent debate about the validity of the concept of negative temperature. In this paper,…
A general discussion is made concerning the ways in which one can get signatures about a possible liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter. Microcanonical temperature, heat capacity and second order derivative of the entropy versus…
We calculate the dependence of heat capacity of a free standing thin membrane on its thickness and temperature. A remarkable fact is that for a given temperature there exists a minimum in the dependence of the heat capacity on the…
The heat capacity (C) of a mesoscopic nonsuperconducting fermion system treated as a canonical ensemble of independent particles is studied in a wide range of particle numbers and temperatures which vary from values close to zero up to the…
It is generally assumed that the thermodynamic stability of equilibrium state is reflected by the concavity of entropy. We inquire, in the microcanonical picture, on the validity of this statement for systems described by the bi-parametric…
We explore the consequences of a deterministic microscopic thermostat-reservoir contact mechanism. With different temperature reservoirs at each end of a two-dimensional system, a heat current is produced and the system has an anomalous…
If Bekenstein's conjectured bound on the microcanonical entropy, S < 2 pi E R, is applied to a closed subsystem of maximal linear size R and excitation energy up through E, it can be violated by an arbitrarily large factor by a scalar field…
Boltzmann's principle S(E,N,V...)=ln W(E,N,V...) allows the interpretation of Statistical Mechanics of a closed system as Pseudo-Riemannian geometry in the space of the conserved parameters E,N,V... (the conserved mechanical parameters in…
Low temperature dependence of specific heat of one- dimensional multicomponent systems at the commensurate- incommensurate phase transition point is studied. It is found that for canonical systems, with a fixed total number of particles,…
We show that it is possible to construct microscopic-level discrete equations from macroscopic modeling PDEs for heat conduction in one space dimension. The significance of this result is that, in general, one starts from microscopic…
The notion of negative absolute temperature emerges naturally from Boltzmann's definition of "surface" microcanonical entropy in isolated systems with a bounded energy density. Recently, the well-posedness of such construct has been…
The basic quantity for the description of the statistical properties of physical systems is the density of states or equivalently the microcanonical entropy. Macroscopic quantities of a system in equilibrium can be computed directly from…
The controversial existence of negative temperatures has stirred interesting debates that have reached the foundations of thermodynamics, including questions on the second law, the Carnot efficiency and the statistical definition of…
We demonstrate that the Gibbs-Shannon entropy is applicable to non-equilibrium systems of any size and boundary conditions. The change in microscopic entropy can be attributed to the stochastic nature of dynamic processes and to the…
The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy production in macroscopic systems is non-negative, reaching zero only at thermodynamic equilibrium. As a corollary, this implies that the state trajectory of macroscopic systems is…
The origin of predicted and observed anomalies in caloric curves of nuclei and other mesoscopic systems is investigated. It is shown that a straightforward thermodynamical treatment of an evaporating liquid drop leads to a backbending in…
Due to the equivalence of the statistical ensembles thermostatic properties of physical systems with short-range interactions can be calculated in different ensembles leading to the same physics. In particular, the ensemble equivalence…
In systems undergoing second order phase transitions, the temperature integral of the specific heat over temperature from zero to the critical temperature is the same in both the normal and ordered phases. This entropy balance relates the…
In a time-reversal non-invariant system the entropy production, dS/dt, may be negative. Close to the critical point of medium it is positive: larger or smaller as compared with one above critical point depending on whether the transitions…
We study temperature fluctuations in mesoscopic $N$-body systems undergoing non-equilibrium processes from the perspective of stochastic thermodynamics. By introducing a stochastic differential equation, we describe the evolution of the…