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Construction of maximally localized Wannier functions (MLWFs) has been implemented within the linear combination of pseudo-atomic orbital (LCPAO) method. Detailed analysis using MLWFs is applied to three closely related materials, single…

Materials Science · Physics 2013-05-29 Hongming Weng , Taisuke Ozaki , Kiyoyuki Terakura

The problem of construction of the Wannier functions (WFs) in a restricted Hilbert space of eigenstates of the one-electron Hamiltonian $\hat{H}$ (forming the so-called low-energy part of the spectrum) can be formulated in several different…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2007-05-23 I. V. Solovyev , Z. V. Pchelkina , V. I. Anisimov

Wannier functions provide a localized representation of spectral subspaces of periodic Hamiltonians, and play an important role for interpreting and accelerating Hartree-Fock and Kohn-Sham density functional theory calculations in quantum…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-01-29 Anil Damle , Antoine Levitt , Lin Lin

Maximally localized Wannier functions are localized orthogonal functions that can accurately represent given Bloch eigenstates of a periodic system at a low computational cost, thanks to the small size of each orbital. Tight-binding models…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-03-15 Jae-Mo Lihm , Cheol-Hwan Park

We present a general method of constructing maximally localized Wannier functions. It consists of three steps: (1) picking a localized trial wave function, (2) performing a full band projection, and (3) orthonormalizing with the Lowdin…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-01-11 Junbo Zhu , Zhu Chen , Biao Wu

We investigate the interplay of band structure topology and localization properties of Wannier functions. To this end, we extend a recently proposed compressed sensing based paradigm for the search for maximally localized Wannier functions…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-09-12 J. C. Budich , J. Eisert , E. J. Bergholtz , S. Diehl , P. Zoller

Maximally-localized Wannier functions are quantum wavefunctions resembling atomic orbitals that are used to describe electrons in condensed matter. Since their introduction in 1997, these functions have become ubiquitous in ab initio…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Sabyasachi Tiwari , Bruno Cucco , Viet-Anh Ha , Feliciano Giustino

We propose a general method of constructing Wannier functions in disordered systems directly out of energy eigenstates. This method consists of two successive operations: (i) a phase transformation setting the proper localization center;…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-12-24 Junbo Zhu , Zhu Chen , Biao Wu

A non-iterative method is presented to calculate the closest Wannier functions (CWFs) to a given set of localized guiding functions, such as atomic orbitals, hybrid atomic orbitals, and molecular orbitals, based on minimization of a…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-07-03 Taisuke Ozaki

Over the last two decades, following the early developments on maximally localized Wannier functions, an ecosystem of electronic-structure simulation techniques and software packages leveraging the Wannier representation has flourished.…

We present Wannier90, a program for calculating maximally-localised Wannier functions (MLWF) from a set of Bloch energy bands that may or may not be attached to or mixed with other bands. The formalism works by minimising the total spread…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-05-18 A. A. Mostofi , J. R. Yates , Y. -S. Lee , I. Souza , D. Vanderbilt , N. Marzari

Maximally-localized Wannier functions (MLWFs) are a powerful and broadly used tool to characterize the electronic structure of materials, from chemical bonding to dielectric response to topological properties. Most generally, one can…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-11-07 Junfeng Qiao , Giovanni Pizzi , Nicola Marzari

The electronic ground state of a periodic crystalline solid is usually described in terms of extended Bloch orbitals; localized Wannier functions can alternatively be used. These two representations are connected by families of unitary…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-10-31 Nicola Marzari , David Vanderbilt

We present a semi-automated method for obtaining an initial estimate of Wannier functions, designed to facilitate the construction of Wannier functions for describing low-energy effective models of solids, particularly those relevant to…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-12-24 Tatsuki Oikawa , Kota Ido , Takahiro Misawa , Takashi Koretsune , Kazuyoshi Yoshimi

We propose an improved scheme to construct many-body trial wave functions for fractional Chern insulators (FCI), using one-dimensional localized Wannier basis. The procedure borrows from the original scheme on a continuum cylinder, but is…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-08-30 Yang-Le Wu , N. Regnault , B. Andrei Bernevig

We have calculated the maximally-localized Wannier functions of MnO in its antiferromagnetic (AFM) rhombohedral unit cell, which contains two formula units. Electron Bloch functions are obtained with the linearized augmented plane-wave…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-07 Michel Posternak , Alfonso Baldereschi , Sandro Massidda , Nicola Marzari

Maximally localized Wannier functions (MLWFs) are conventionally constructed by iteratively minimizing a spread functional over a high-dimensional gauge landscape. In this work, we present a non-variational constructive algorithm that…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-15 Yuji Hamai , Katsunori Wakabayashi

Wannier functions have become a powerful tool in the electronic structure calculations of extended systems. The generalized Pipek-Mezey Wannier functions exhibit appealing characteristics (e.g., reaching an optimal localization and the…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-04-04 Guorong Weng , Mariya Romanova , Arsineh Apelian , Hanbin Song , Vojtěch Vlček

A standard task in solid state physics and quantum chemistry is the computation of localized molecular orbitals known as Wannier functions. In this manuscript, we propose a new procedure for computing Wannier functions in one-dimensional…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Abinand Gopal , Hanwen Zhang

The maximally localized Wannier functions play a very important role in the study of chemical bonding, ballistic transport and strongly-correlated system, etc. A significant development in this branch was made in 1997 and conjectured that…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-07-28 Sangryol Ri , Suil Ri