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Subgraphs such as cliques, loops and stars form crucial connections in the topologies of real-world networks. Random graph models provide estimates for how often certain subgraphs appear, which in turn can be tested against real-world…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Johan S. H. van Leeuwaarden , Clara Stegehuis

In networks that grow by isotropic redirection (IR), a new node selects an initial target node uniformly at random and attaches to a randomly chosen neighbor of the target. The emerging networks exhibit leaf proliferation, in which the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-03 Harrison Hartle , P. L. Krapivsky , S. Redner , Yuanzhao Zhang

Graphlets are induced subgraph patterns and have been frequently applied to characterize the local topology structures of graphs across various domains, e.g., online social networks (OSNs) and biological networks. Discovering and computing…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-10-19 Xiaowei Chen , Yongkun Li , Pinghui Wang , John C. S. Lui

Graphlets are induced subgraph patterns that are crucial to the understanding of the structure and function of a large network. A lot of efforts have been devoted to calculating graphlet statistics where random walk based approaches are…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Simiao Jiao , Zihui Xue , Xiaowei Chen , Yuedong Xu

Uniform sampling from graphical realizations of a given degree sequence is a fundamental component in simulation-based measurements of network observables, with applications ranging from epidemics, through social networks to Internet…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-04-14 Charo I. Del Genio , Hyunju Kim , Zoltan Toroczkai , Kevin E. Bassler

In this paper we present an analytic study of sampled networks in the case of some important shortest-path sampling models. We present analytic formulas for the probability of edge discovery in the case of an evolving and a static network…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-05-29 Attila Fekete , Gábor Vattay

The number of triangles in a graph is useful to deduce a plethora of important features of the network that the graph is modeling. However, finding the exact value of this number is computationally expensive. Hence, a number of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-30 Duru Türkoğlu , Ata Turk

We study a number of graph exploration problems in the following natural scenario: an algorithm starts exploring an undirected graph from some seed node; the algorithm, for an arbitrary node $v$ that it is aware of, can ask an oracle to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-25 Flavio Chierichetti , Shahrzad Haddadan

We discuss how various models of scale-free complex networks approach their limiting properties when the size N of the network grows. We focus mainly on equilibrated networks and their finite-size degree distributions. Our results show that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 B. Waclaw , L. Bogacz , W. Janke

Despite recent effort to estimate topology characteristics of large graphs (i.e., online social networks and peer-to-peer networks), little attention has been given to develop a formal methodology to characterize the vast amount of content…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-11-18 Pinghui Wang , Junzhou Zhao , John C. S. Lui , Don Towsley , Xiaohong Guan

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the degree index and clustering index in random graphs. The degree index in our setup is a certain measure of degree irregularity whose basic properties are well studied in the literature, and the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Ümit Işlak , Barış Yeşiloğlu

Large data applications rely on storing data in massive, sparse graphs with millions to trillions of nodes. Graph-based methods, such as node prediction, aim for computational efficiency regardless of graph size. Techniques like localized…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yushen Huang , Ertai Luo , Reza Babenezhad , Yifan Sun

We study the traffic-driven epidemic spreading on scale-free networks with tunable degree distribution. The heterogeneity of networks is controlled by the exponent $\gamma$ of power-law degree distribution. It is found that the epidemic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-02-14 Han-Xin Yang , Bing-Hong Wang

This paper presents a tighter bound on the degree distribution of arbitrary P\'{o}lya urn graph processes, proving that the proportion of vertices with degree $d$ obeys a power-law distribution $P(d) \propto d^{-\gamma}$ for $d \leq…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-12-02 Rasul Tutunov , Haitham Bou Ammar , Ali Jadbabaie , Eric Eaton

Generalised degrees provide a natural bridge between local and global topological properties of networks. We define the generalised degree to be the number of neighbours of a node within one and two steps respectively. Tailored random graph…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-09-17 Ekaterina S. Roberts , Anthonius C. C. Coolen

We introduce a minimal model of small-world growing network generated by attaching to edges. The produced network is a plane graph which exists in real-life world. We obtain the analytic results of degree distribution decaying exponentially…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zhongzhi Zhang , Lili Rong

The degree distributions of complex networks are usually considered to be power law. However, it is not the case for a large number of them. We thus propose a new model able to build random growing networks with (almost) any wanted degree…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Thibaud Trolliet , Frédéric Giroire , Stéphane Pérennes

We study the tailoring of structured random graph ensembles to real networks, with the objective of generating precise and practical mathematical tools for quantifying and comparing network topologies macroscopically, beyond the level of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-05-13 A. Annibale , A. C. C. Coolen , L. P. Fernandes , F. Fraternali , J. Kleinjung

Robust and comprehensive characterization of the topological properties of complex networks requires the adoption of several respective measurements, among which the node degree has special importance. In the present work, we provide an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-10-11 Alexandre Benatti , Luciano da F. Costa

PageRank is a well-known algorithm for measuring centrality in networks. It was originally proposed by Google for ranking pages in the World-Wide Web. One of the intriguing empirical properties of PageRank is the so-called `power-law…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-03-19 Alessandro Garavaglia , Remco van der Hofstad , Nelly Litvak