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We analyze complexity in spatial network ensembles through the lens of graph entropy. Mathematically, we model a spatial network as a soft random geometric graph, i.e., a graph with two sources of randomness, namely nodes located randomly…
In this letter, we propose a new routing strategy to improve the transportation efficiency on complex networks. Instead of using the routing strategy for shortest path, we give a generalized routing algorithm to find the so-called {\it…
We consider two variational models for transport networks, an urban planning and a branched transport model, in which the degree of network complexity and ramification is governed by a small parameter $\varepsilon>0$. Smaller $\varepsilon$…
Transport networks are crucial to the functioning of natural and technological systems. Nature features transport networks that are adaptive over a vast range of parameters, thus providing an impressive level of robustness in supply.…
As cities struggle to adapt to more ``people-centered'' urbanism, transportation planning and engineering must innovate to expand the street network strategically in order to ensure efficiency but also to deter sprawl. Here, we conducted a…
We consider distributed networks, such as peer-to-peer networks, whose structure can be manipulated by adjusting the rules by which vertices enter and leave the network. We focus in particular on degree distributions and show that, with…
Modeling traffic distribution and extracting optimal flows in multilayer networks is of utmost importance to design efficient multi-modal network infrastructures. Recent results based on optimal transport theory provide powerful and…
Spatially embedded networks are shaped by a combination of purely topological (space-independent) and space-dependent formation rules. While it is quite easy to artificially generate networks where the relative importance of these two…
Stochastic service systems describe situations in which customers compete for service from scarce resources. Think of check-in lines at airports, waiting rooms in hospitals or queues in supermarkets, where the scarce resource is human…
We study spatial embeddings of random graphs in which nodes are randomly distributed in geographical space. We let the edge probability between any two nodes to be dependent on the spatial distance between them and demonstrate that this…
Designing networks with specified collective properties is useful in a variety of application areas, enabling the study of how given properties affect the behavior of network models, the downscaling of empirical networks to workable sizes,…
Proximity networks are time-varying graphs representing the closeness among humans moving in a physical space. Their properties have been extensively studied in the past decade as they critically affect the behavior of spreading phenomena…
Ad hoc network is a collection of different types of nodes, which are connected in heterogeneous or homogeneous manner. It is also known as self-organizing-wireless network. The dynamic nature of ad hoc networks make them more attractive,…
Complex networks characterized by global transport processes rely on the presence of directed paths from input to output nodes and edges, which organize in characteristic linked components. The analysis of such network-spanning structures…
Networks embedded in space can display all sorts of transitions when their structure is modified. The nature of these transitions (and in some cases crossovers) can differ from the usual appearance of a giant component as observed for the…
Networked structures arise in a wide array of different contexts such as technological and transportation infrastructures, social phenomena, and biological systems. These highly interconnected systems have recently been the focus of a great…
Real networks are finite metric spaces. Yet the geometry induced by shortest path distances in a network is definitely not its only geometry. Other forms of network geometry are the geometry of latent spaces underlying many networks, and…
Many situations in physics, biology, and engineering consist of the transport of some physical quantity through a network of narrow channels. The ability of a network to transport such a quantity in every direction can be described by the…
Most social, technological and biological networks are embedded in a finite dimensional space, and the distance between two nodes influences the likelihood that they link to each other. Indeed, in social systems, the chance that two…
With the rise of geospatial big data, new narratives of cities based on spatial networks and flows have replaced the traditional focus on locations. While plenty of research have empirically analyzed network structures, there lacks a…