Related papers: Decomposition of force fluctuations far from equil…
We calculate the friction force between two semi-infinite solids in relative parallel motion (velocity $V$), and separated by a vacuum gap of width $d$. The friction force result from coupling via a fluctuating electromagnetic field, and…
Equilibrium is characterized by its fundamental properties such as the detailed balance, the fluctuation-dissipation relation, and no heat dissipation. Based on the stochastic thermodynamics, we show that these three properties are…
In the Langevin formalism, the delicate balance maintained between the fluctuations in the system and their corresponding dissipation may be upset by the presence of a secondary, space-dependent stochastic force, particularly in the low…
On the basis of the equivalence of the energy balance deacription at micro- and macro-level we propose a quantum generalization of the viscous friction law for a macroscopic Langevin equation describing thermal fluctuations without the zero…
Baths produce friction and random forcing on particles suspended in them. The relation between noise and friction in (generalized) Langevin equations is usually referred to as the second fluctuation-dissipation theorem. We show what is the…
We present an insightful ``derivation'' of the Langevin equation and the fluctuation dissipation theorem in the specific context of a heavier particle moving through an ideal gas of much lighter particles. The Newton's Law of motion…
Biological, artificial, and physical systems dissipate energy to accurately transmit information. While tools of information theory have been used to characterize information-processing capabilities, how reliably this information is…
In systems far from equilibrium, the fluctuation-dissipation relation is violated due to the lack of detailed balance. Recently, for a class of Langevin equations, it has been proved that this violation is related to energy dissipation as…
We generalize the Clausius (in)equality to overdamped mesoscopic and macroscopic diffusions in the presence of nonconservative forces. In contrast to previous frameworks, we use a decomposition scheme for heat which is based on an exact…
In the context of an exactly soluble out of equilibrium (quenched) model, we study an extension of the fluctuation-dissipation relation. This involves a modified differential form of this relation, with an effective temperature which may…
The friction force is derived using fractional calculus by considering the non-uniform flow of time in dissipative processes. The approach incorporates inhomogeneous velocity without unphysical approximations, resulting in a Lagrangian…
A system driven in the vicinity of its critical point by varying a relevant field in an arbitrary function of time is a generic system that possesses a long relaxation time compared with the driving time scale and thus represents a large…
A general theory of thermal magnetic fluctuations near conductive materials is developed; such fluctuations are the magnetic analog of Johnson noise. For realistic experiments in quantum computing and magnetic resonance force microscopy,…
The fluctuation in electric current in nonequilibrium steady states is investigated by molecular dynamics simulation of macroscopically uniform conductors. At low frequencies, appropriate decomposition of the spectral intensity of current…
Dispersion forces between neutral material bodies are due to fluctuations of the polarization of the bodies. For bodies in equilibrium these forces are often referred to as Casimir-Lifshitz forces. For bodies in relative motion, in addition…
We show that the general two-variable Langevin equations with inhomogeneous noise and friction can generate many different forms of power-law distributions. By solving the corresponding stationary Fokker-Planck equation, we can obtain a…
A dilute gas of particles with short range interactions is considered in a shearing stationary state. A Gaussian thermostat keeps the total kinetic energy constant. For infinitely many particles it is shown that the thermostat becomes a…
The generalized elastic model encompasses several physical systems such as polymers, membranes, single file systems, fluctuating surfaces and rough interfaces. We consider the case of an applied localized potential, namely an external force…
Diverse physical systems are characterized by their response to small perturbations. Near thermodynamic equilibrium, the fluctuation-dissipation theorem provides a powerful theoretical and experimental tool to determine the nature of…
Necessary and sufficient conditions are presented for the existence of (second order) stationary solutions of the generalized Langevin equation under appropriate assumptions on the associated memory kernel. When this stochastic equation is…