Related papers: Automatic physical phasing X-ray crystallography

A new phase field crystal (PFC) type theory is presented, which accounts for the full spectrum of solid-liquid-vapor phase transitions within the framework of a single density order parameter. Its equilibrium properties show the most…

The values of the signal-to-noise ratio are determined, at which the method of processing X-ray diffraction data reveals reflections with intensity less than the noise component of the background. The possibilities of the method are…

Many different formalisms exist for computing the phase of a matter-wave interferometer. However, it can be challenging to develop physical intuition about what a particular interferometer is actually measuring or about whether a given…

We propose a new way to generate an observable geometric phase by means of a completely incoherent phenomenon. We show how to imprint a geometric phase to a system by "adiabatically" manipulating the environment with which it interacts. As…

A two-step detection strategy is suggested for the precise measurement of the optical phase-shift. In the first step an unsharp, however, unbiased joint measurement of the phase and photon number is performed by heterodyning the signal…

Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is important in many applications such as microscopy and crystallography. To quantitatively reveal phase information, people could either employ interference to map phase distribution into intensity fringes,…

Phase-space partitioning offers an attractive path for the precise tailoring of complex dynamical systems. In Beam Physics, the proposed approach involves (i) producing beams with cross-plane correlations to control kinematical invariants…

The phenomenon of solidification of a substance from its liquid phase is of the greatest practical and theoretical importance, and atomistic simulations can provide precious information towards its understanding and control. Unfortunately,…

Diffraction of atoms by laser is a very important tool for matter wave optics. Although this process is well understood, the phase shifts induced by this diffraction process are not well known. In this paper, we make analytic calculations…

Many real-world systems modeled using partial differential equations (PDEs) involve unknown parameters that must be estimated from limited, noisy system observations. While typically assumed to be constants, some of these unobserved…

The phase-field crystal equation, a parabolic, sixth-order and nonlinear partial differential equation, has generated considerable interest as a possible solution to problems arising in molecular dynamics. This is because the phase-field…

Dynamic invariants are often estimated from experimental time series with the aim of differentiating between different physical states in the underlying system. The most popular schemes for estimating dynamic invariants are capable of…

Crystallization is a key step in macromolecular structure determination by crystallography. While a robust theoretical treatment of the process is available, due to the complexity of the system, the experimental process is still largely one…

Interface states in photonic crystals usually require defects or surface/interface decorations. We show here that one can control interface states in 1D photonic crystals through the engineering of geometrical phase such that interface…

Phase diagrams are an invaluable tool for material synthesis and provide information on the phases of the material at any given thermodynamic condition. Conventional phase diagram generation involves experimentation to provide an initial…

Crystallisation is an important phenomenon which facilitates the purification as well as structural and bulk phase material characterisation using crystallographic methods. However, different conditions can lead to a vast set of different…

We study phase transformations in finite nuclei as a function of interaction parameters. The signature of a transition is given by invariant correlational entropy that reflects the sensitivity of an individual many-body state to changes of…

We outline some basics of imaging using both fully-coherent and partially-coherent X-ray beams, with an emphasis on phase-contrast imaging. We open with some of the basic notions of X-ray imaging, including the vacuum wave equations and the…

Transmission electron diffraction is a powerful and versatile structural probe for the characterization of a broad range of materials, from nanocrystalline thin films to single crystals. With recent developments in fast electron detectors…

We present a method using principal component analysis (PCA) to process x-ray pulses with severe shape variation where traditional optimal filter methods fail. We demonstrate that PCA is able to noise-filter and extract energy information…