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Related papers: El Farol Revisited

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We discuss a crowd-based theory for describing the collective behavior in a generic multi-agent population which is competing for a limited resource. These systems -- whose binary versions we refer to as B-A-R (Binary Agent Resource)…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Neil F. Johnson , Pak Ming Hui

The cooperative Multi-A gent R einforcement Learning (MARL) with permutation invariant agents framework has achieved tremendous empirical successes in real-world applications. Unfortunately, the theoretical understanding of this MARL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Fengzhuo Zhang , Boyi Liu , Kaixin Wang , Vincent Y. F. Tan , Zhuoran Yang , Zhaoran Wang

We use symbolic dynamics to study discrete adaptive games, such as the minority game and the El Farol Bar problem. We show that no such game can have deterministic chaos. We put upper bounds on the statistical complexity and period of these…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Cosma Rohilla Shalizi , David J. Albers

This paper serves to introduce the reader to the field of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) and its intersection with methods from the study of causality. We highlight key challenges in MARL and discuss these in the context of how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-02 St John Grimbly , Jonathan Shock , Arnu Pretorius

We derive fundamental limitations on the performances of intrinsic averaging algorithms in open multi-agent systems, which are systems subject to random arrivals and departures of agents. Each agent holds a value, and their goal is to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Charles Monnoyer de Galland , Julien M. Hendrickx

This paper studies a class of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) problems where the reward that an agent receives depends on the states of other agents, but the next state only depends on the agent's own current state and action. We…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Xin Liu , Honghao Wei , Lei Ying

With advances in reinforcement learning (RL), agents are now being developed in high-stakes application domains such as healthcare and transportation. Explaining the behavior of these agents is challenging, as the environments in which they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Tobias Huber , Katharina Weitz , Elisabeth André , Ofra Amir

Generalization poses a significant challenge in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). The extent to which an agent is influenced by unseen co-players depends on the agent's policy and the specific scenario. A quantitative examination…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Yuxin Chen , Chen Tang , Ran Tian , Chenran Li , Jinning Li , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan

Though limited in real-world decision making, most multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) models assume perfectly rational agents -- a property hardly met due to individual's cognitive limitation and/or the tractability of the decision…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Ying Wen , Yaodong Yang , Rui Luo , Jun Wang

We present new results on average causal effects in settings with unmeasured exposure-outcome confounding. Our results are motivated by a class of estimands, e.g., frequently of interest in medicine and public health, that are currently not…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-25 Lan Wen , Aaron L. Sarvet , Mats J. Stensrud

This paper considers a network of agents, where each agent is assumed to take actions optimally with respect to a predefined payoff function involving the latest actions of the agent's neighbors. Neighborhood relationships stem from payoff…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-01-19 Sadegh Arefizadeh , Sadjaad Ozgoli , Sadegh Bolouki , Tamer Başar

With the prospect of next-generation automated mobility ecosystem, the realization of the contended traffic efficiency and safety benefits are contingent upon the demand landscape for automated vehicles (AVs). Focusing on the public…

General Economics · Economics 2025-09-15 Fatemeh Nazari , Mohamadhossein Noruzoliaee , Abolfazl Mohammadian

Transparency and explainability are important features that responsible autonomous vehicles should possess, particularly when interacting with humans, and causal reasoning offers a strong basis to provide these qualities. However, even if…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Rhys Howard , Nick Hawes , Lars Kunze

We extend the definition of a global order parameter to the case of a critical system confined between two infinite parallel plates separated by a finite distance $L$. For a quench to the critical point we study the persistence property of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 D. Chakraborty , J. K. Bhattacharjee

In this paper, we introduce and study a time-changed variant of the Erlang queue with multiple arrivals where the time-changing component used is the first hitting time of a tempered stable subordinator. The system of fractional…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Manisha Dhillon , Kuldeep Kumar Kataria

We investigate an opinion model consisting of a large group of interacting agents, whose opinions are represented as numbers in $[-1,1]$. At each update time, two random agents are selected, and the opinion of the first agent is updated…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-06 Fei Cao , Roberto Cortez

Assessing the systemic effects of uncertainty that arises from agents' partial observation of the true states of the world is critical for understanding a wide range of scenarios. Yet, previous modeling work on agent learning and…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-04-15 Wolfram Barfuss , Richard P. Mann

We derive fundamental performance limitations for intrinsic average consensus problems in open multi-agent systems, which are systems subject to frequent arrivals and departures of agents. Each agent holds a value, and the objective of the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Charles Monnoyer de Galland , Julien M. Hendrickx

Deployed supervised machine learning models make predictions that interact with and influence the world. This phenomenon is called performative prediction by Perdomo et al. (ICML 2020). It is an ongoing challenge to understand the influence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Gavin Brown , Shlomi Hod , Iden Kalemaj

Unemployment insurance transfers should balance the provision of consumption to the unemployed with the disincentive effects on the search behavior. Developing countries face the additional challenge of informality. Workers can choose to…

General Economics · Economics 2022-02-07 Martin Gonzalez-Rozada , Hernan Ruffo