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We study the structure of the load-based spanning tree (LST) that carries the maximum weight of the Erdos-Renyi (ER) random network. The weight of an edge is given by the edge-betweenness centrality, the effective number of shortest paths…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Dong-Hee Kim , Hawoong Jeong

The weight of the minimum spanning tree in a complete weighted graph with random edge weights is a well-known problem. For various classes of distributions, it is proved that the weight of the minimum spanning tree tends to a constant,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-31 Nikita Zvonkov

Minimum spanning trees (MSTs) provide a convenient representation of datasets in numerous pattern recognition activities. Moreover, they are relatively fast to compute. In this paper, we quantify the extent to which they are meaningful in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-16 Marek Gagolewski , Anna Cena , Maciej Bartoszuk , Łukasz Brzozowski

Due to its broad applications in practice, the minimum spanning tree problem and its all kinds of variations have been studied extensively during the last decades, for which a host of efficient exact and heuristic algorithms have been…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Yang Xu , Lianmin Zhang

We consider a class of simple, non-trivial models of evolving weighted scale-free networks. The network evolution in these models is determined by attachment of new vertices to ends of preferentially chosen weighted edges. Resulting…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. N. Dorogovtsev , J. F. F. Mendes

Empirical studies on the spatial structures in several real transport networks reveal that the distance distribution in these networks obeys power law. To discuss the influence of the power-law exponent on the network's structure and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-14 Hua Yang , Yuchao Nie , Ying Fan , Yanqing Hu , Zengru Di

Consider~\(n\) nodes~\(\{X_i\}_{1 \leq i \leq n}\) independently distributed in the unit square~\(S,\) each according to a distribution~\(f\) and let~\(K_n\) be the complete graph formed by joining each pair of nodes by a straight line…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-05-15 Ghurumuruhan Ganesan

Link weight is crucial in weighted complex networks. It provides additional dimension for describing and adjusting the properties of networks. The topological role of weight is studied by the effects of random redistribution of link weights…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Menghui Li , Ying Fan , Dahui Wang , Na Liu , Daqing Li , Jinshan Wu , Zengru Di

In this paper we model the tomography of scale free networks by studying the structure of layers around an arbitrary network node. We find, both analytically and empirically, that the distance distribution of all nodes from a specific…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-05-29 R. Cohen , D. Dolev , S. Havlin , T. Kalisky , O. Mokryn , Y. Shavitt

The load of a node in a network is the total traffic going through it when every node pair sustains a uniform bidirectional traffic between them on shortest paths. We show that nodal load can be expressed in terms of the more elementary…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-04-18 Elias Bareinboim , Valmir C. Barbosa

The problem considered is the following. Given a graph with edge weights satisfying the triangle inequality, and a degree bound for each vertex, compute a low-weight spanning tree such that the degree of each vertex is at most its specified…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-02 S. Fekete , S. Khuller , M. Klemmstein , B. Raghavachari , Neal E. Young

The Minimum Weight Steiner Tree (MST) is an important combinatorial optimization problem over networks that has applications in a wide range of fields. Here we discuss a general technique to translate the imposed global connectivity…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Bayati , C. Borgs , A. Braunstein , J. Chayes , A. Ramezanpour , R. Zecchina

Distribution grids refer to the part of the power grid that delivers electricity from substations to the loads. Structurally a distribution grid is operated in one of several radial/tree-like topologies that are derived from an original…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-03-08 Deepjyoti Deka , Scott Backhaus , Michael Chertkov

We study the relation between the minimal spanning tree (MST) on many random points and the "near-minimal" tree which is optimal subject to the constraint that a proportion $\delta$ of its edges must be different from those of the MST.…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-07-24 David Aldous , Charles Bordenave , Marc Lelarge

We analyze the degree distribution's cut-off in finite size scale-free networks. We show that the cut-off behavior with the number of vertices $N$ is ruled by the topological constraints induced by the connectivity structure of the network.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 Marian Boguna , Romualdo Pastor-Satorras , Alessandro Vespignani

Several fundamental properties of real complex networks, such as the small-world effect, the scale-free degree distribution, and recently discovered topological fractal structure, have presented the possibility of a unique growth mechanism…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-13 Liuhua Zou , Wenjiang Pei , Tao Li , Zhenya He , Yiuming Cheung

Minimal spanning trees on infinite vertex sets are investigated. A criterion for minimality of a spanning tree having a finite length is obtained, which generalizes the corresponding classical result for finite sets. It is given an analytic…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-03-18 A. O. Ivanov , A. A. Tuzhilin

The minimum spanning tree (MST) is a combinatorial optimization problem: given a connected graph with a real weight ("cost") on each edge, find the spanning tree that minimizes the sum of the total cost of the occupied edges. We consider…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-02-26 T. S. Jackson , N. Read

Given an undirected, weighted graph, the minimum spanning tree (MST) is a tree that connects all of the vertices of the graph with minimum sum of edge weights. In real world applications, network designers often seek to quickly find a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-01-02 David A. Bader , Paul Burkhardt

Connectivity correlations play an important role in the structure of scale-free networks. While several empirical studies exist, there is no general theoretical analysis that can explain the largely varying behavior of real networks. Here,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Lazaros K. Gallos , Chaoming Song , Hernan A. Makse