Related papers: Influence of Generic Scale Invariance on Classical…
A quantum phase transition that was recently observed in a high-mobility silicon MOSFET is analyzed in terms of a scaling theory. The most striking characteristic of the transition is a divergence of the thermopower, according to an inverse…
The raise of the symmetry breaking mechanism by Landau[1] is a landmark in the studies of phase transitions. The Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition[2-3] and the fractional quantum Hall effect[4], however, are believed to be induced by…
Quantum coherence will undoubtedly play a fundamental role in understanding the dynamics of quantum many-body systems, thereby to reveal its genuine contribution is of great importance. In this paper, we specialize our discussions on the…
Many systems that can be described in terms of diffusion-limited `chemical' reactions display non-equilibrium continuous transitions separating active from inactive, absorbing states, where stochastic fluctuations cease entirely. Their…
A salient feature of cyclically driven first-order phase transformations in crystals is their scale-free avalanche dynamics. This behavior has been linked to the presence of a classical critical point but the mechanism leading to…
The dipole-coupled two-level atoms(qubits) in a single-mode resonant cavity is studied by extended bosonic coherent states. The numerically exact solution is presented. For finite systems, the first-order quantum phase transitions occur at…
Long-ranged, or power-law, behavior of correlation functions in both space and time is discussed for classical systems and for quantum systems at finite temperature, and is compared with the corresponding behavior in quantum systems at zero…
Despite its importance in general relativity, a quantum notion of general covariance has not yet been established in quantum gravity and cosmology, where, given the a priori absence of coordinates, it is necessary to replace classical…
A phase transition indicates a sudden change in the properties of a large system. For temperature-driven phase transitions this is related to non-analytic behavior of the free energy density at the critical temperature: The knowledge of the…
Due to the inevitable existence of quantum effects, a classical description generically breaks down after a finite quantum break-time $t_q$. We aim to find criteria for determining $t_q$. To this end, we construct a new prototype model that…
Spatial diffusion of particles in periodic potential models has provided a good framework for studying the role of chaos in global properties of classical systems. Here a bidimensional "soft" billiard, classically modeled from an optical…
Some models allowing explicit calculation of periodic instantons and evaluation of their action are studied with regard to transitions from classical to quantum behaviour as the temperature is lowered and tunneling sets in. It is shown that…
Continuous phase transitions where symmetry is spontaneously broken are ubiquitous in physics and often found between `Landau-compatible' phases where residual symmetries of one phase are a subset of the other. However, continuous…
Gravity gradient is known as a serious systematic effect in atomic tests of the universality of free fall, where the initial central position and velocity of atoms need to be exactly controlled. In this paper, we study quantum free fall…
Scale invariance has received very little attention in physics. Nevertheless, it provides a natural conceptual foundation for a relational understanding of the universe, where absolute size loses meaning and only dimensionless ratios retain…
Turbulence is one of the most prototypical phenomena of systems driven out of equilibrium. While turbulence has been studied mainly with classical fluids like water, considerable attention is now drawn to quantum turbulence (QT), observed…
There exist renormalisation schemes that explicitly preserve the scale invariance of a theory at the quantum level. Imposing a scale invariant renormalisation breaks renormalisability and induces new non-trivial operators in the theory. In…
Gauge effects on the fluctuation properties of the normal-to-superconducting phase transition in bulk and thin film superconductors are reviewed. Similar problems in the description of other natural systems (liquid crystals, quantum field…
Schemes of gravitationally induced decoherence are being actively investigated as possible mechanisms for the quantum-to-classical transition. Here, we introduce a decoherence process due to quantum gravity effects. We assume a foamy…
We show, that the standard model of phase transition can be unified with the gradient model of phase transitions using the description in terms of the gradient of order parameter. The generalization of the gradient theory of phase…