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When a particle diffuses in a medium with spatially dependent friction coefficient $\alpha(r)$ at constant temperature $T$, it drifts toward the low friction end of the system even in the absence of any real physical force $f$. This…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-18 Oded Farago , Niels Grønbech-Jensen

We derive general expressions for the free energy, entropy production and entropy extraction rates for a Brownian particle that walks in a viscous medium where the dynamics of its motion is governed by the Langevin equation. It is shown…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-09-14 Mesfin Asfaw Taye

It has been observed in many numerical simulations, experiments and from various theoretical treatments that heat transport in one-dimensional systems of interacting particles cannot be described by the phenomenological Fourier's law. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-11-12 Abhishek Dhar , Anupam Kundu , Aritra Kundu

One of the major challenges in stochastic thermodynamics is to compute the distributions of stochastic observables for small-scale systems for which fluctuations play a significant role. Hitherto much theoretical and experimental research…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-09-08 Deepak Gupta , David A. Sivak

Previous years researchers began to simulate open quantum system, taking into account the interaction between system and the environment. One approach to deal with this problem is to use the density matrix within the Liouville-von-Neumann…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-15 Mohammad Attrash , Roi Baer

Large entropy fluctuations in a nonequilibrium steady state of classical mechanics were studied in extensive numerical experiments on a simple 2-freedom model with the so-called Gauss time-reversible thermostat. The local fluctuations (on a…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-10-31 Boris Chirikov

We demonstrate that the Gibbs-Shannon entropy is applicable to non-equilibrium systems of any size and boundary conditions. The change in microscopic entropy can be attributed to the stochastic nature of dynamic processes and to the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-10-13 Jianzhong Wu

Asymptotic fluctuation theorems are statements of a Gallavotti-Cohen symmetry in the rate function of either the time-averaged entropy production or heat dissipation of a process. Such theorems have been proved for various general classes…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-01-23 Benjamin Hertz Shargel , Tom Chou

We apply the stochastic thermodynamics formalism to describe the dynamics of systems of complex Langevin and Fokker-Planck equations. We provide in particular a simple and general recipe to calculate thermodynamical currents, dissipated and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-01-30 Simone Borlenghi , Anna Delin

We consider heat transfer between two thermal reservoirs mediated by a quantum system using the generalized quantum Langevin equation. The thermal reservoirs are treated as ensembles of oscillators within the framework of the Drude-Ullersma…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 George Y. Panasyuk , George A. Levin , Kirk L. Yerkes

We demonstrate that a Langevin equation that describes the motion of a Brownian particle under non-equilibrium conditions can be exactly transformed to a special equation that explicitly exhibits the response of the velocity to a time…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Takahiro Harada , Kumiko Hayashi , Shin-ichi Sasa

We derive a general quantum exchange fluctuation theorem for multipartite systems with arbitrary coupling strengths by taking into account the informational contribution of the back-action of the quantum measurements, which contributes to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-18 Akira Sone , Diogo O. Soares-Pinto , Sebastian Deffner

An alternative derivation of Brownian motion is presented. Instead of supplementing the linearized Navier-Stokes equation with a fluctuating force, we directly assume a Gaussian action functional for solvent velocity fluctuations. Solvating…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-07-24 Thomas Speck

We introduce from an experimental point of view the main concepts of fluctuation theorems for work, heat and entropy production in out of equilibrium systems. We will discuss the important difference between the applications of these…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-20 Sergio Ciliberto , Sylvain Joubaud , Artem Petrosyan

We use a relationship between response and correlation function in nonequilibrium systems to establish a connection between the heat production and the deviations from the equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation theorem. This scheme extends the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-04-11 E. Lippiello , M. Baiesi , A. Sarracino

A linearized Vlasov-Poisson system of equations is transformed into a Schr\"{o}dinger equation, which is used to demonstrate that the fluctuation theorem holds for the relative stochastic entropy, defined in terms of the probability density…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-08-11 Hideo Sugama

The heat theorem (i.e. the second law of thermodynamics or the existence of entropy) is a manifestation of a general property of hamiltonian mechanics and of the ergodic Hypothesis. In nonequilibrium thermodynamics of stationary states the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-11-01 Giovanni Gallavotti

Previous studies have predicted the failure of Fourier's law of thermal conduction due to the existence of wave like propagation of heat with finite propagation speed. This non-Fourier thermal transport phenomenon can appear in both the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Chuang Zhang , Zhaoli Guo

Examples of self propulsion in strongly fluctuating environment is abound in nature, e.g., molecular motors and pumps operating in living cells. Starting from Langevin equation of motion, we develop a fluctuating thermodynamic description…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-02-20 Chandrima Ganguly , Debasish Chaudhuri

We prove the second law of thermodynamics and the nonequilibirum fluctuation theorem for pure quantum states.The entire system obeys reversible unitary dynamics, where the initial state of the heat bath is not the canonical distribution but…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-09-13 Eiki Iyoda , Kazuya Kaneko , Takahiro Sagawa