Related papers: Low temperature electron transfer in strongly cond…

Forty-five years after the point de d\'epart [1] of density functional theory, its applications in chemistry and the study of electronic structures keep steadily growing. However, the precise form of the energy functional in terms of the…

The absorption spectrum of CO$_2$ in the wavelength range 120\,nm --- 160\,nm is analyzed by means of quantum mechanical calculations performed using vibronically coupled PESs of five singlet valence electronic states and the coordinate…

What are the ground states of an interacting, low-density electron system? In the absence of disorder, it has long been expected that as the electron density is lowered, the exchange energy gained by aligning the electron spins should…

The effect of substrate bias and surface gate voltage on the low temperature resistivity of a Si-MOSFET is studied for electron concentrations where the resistivity increases with increasing temperature. This technique offers two degrees of…

Using Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) calculations, we investigate the insulator-metal transition observed in liquid hydrogen at high pressure. Below the critical temperature of the transition from the molecular to the atomic liquid, the…

We investigate the impact of quantum and thermal phase fluctuations on the suppression of superconducting order in two-dimensional systems. Within the two-dimensional quantum XY model in the phase representation, where on-site interaction…

We consider thermal QCD in the large N_C limit, mainly in 1+1 dimensions. The gauge coupling is only taken into account to minimal order, by projection onto colour singlets. An expression for the free energy, exact as N_C goes to infinity,…

We explore electron transport properties in a quantum wire attached to two metallic electrodes. A simple tight-binding model is used to describe the system and the coupling of the wire to the electrodes (source and drain) is treated through…

We discuss the theory of cooling electrons in solid-state devices via ``evaporative emission.'' Our model is based on filtering electron subbands in a quantum-wire device. When incident electrons in a higher-energy subband scatter out of…

In this perspective, we discuss thermal imbalance and the associated electron-mediated thermal transport in quantum electronic devices at very low temperatures. We first present the theoretical approaches describing heat transport in…

We discuss the possibility that the electron may be fractionalized in some quantum phases of matter in two or higher dimensions. We review the theory of such phases, and show that their effective theory is a $Z_2$ gauge theory. These phases…

We review the non-zero temperature relaxational dynamics of quantum systems near a zero temperature, second-order phase transition. We begin with the quantum Ising chain, for which universal and exact results for the relaxation rates can be…

We review recent experiments that provide evidence for a transition to a conducting phase in two dimensions at very low electron densities. The nature of this phase is not understood, and is currently the focus of intense theoretical and…

We give a general introduction to quantum phase transitions in strongly-correlated electron systems. These transitions which occur at zero temperature when a non-thermal parameter $g$ like pressure, chemical composition or magnetic field is…

We study electric, thermal, and thermoelectric conductivities in the vicinity of a z=2 superconductor-diffusive metal transition in two dimensions, both in the high and low frequency limits. We find violation of the Wiedemann-Franz law and…

Ignited by the discovery of the metal-insulator transition, the behaviour of low-disorder two-dimensional (2D) electron systems is currently the focus of a great deal of attention. In the strongly-interacting limit, electrons are expected…

A new statistical model for the combined effects of decoherence, energy redistribution and dissipation on electron transport in large quantum systems is introduced. The essential idea is to consider the electron phase information to be lost…

A new type of disorder-driven electronic percolation transition is found for two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), based on a quantum cellular automaton model. This transition is shown to be accompanied with a metal-insulator transition, as…

We report the observation of TEMPERATURE-INDUCED transitions between insulator, metal, and quantum-Hall behaviors for transport coefficients in the very dilute high mobility two-dimensional electron system in silicon. We consider the…

We study finite-temperature phase transitions in a two-dimensional boson Hubbard model with zero-point quantum fluctuations via Monte Carlo simulations of quantum rotor model, and construct the corresponding phase diagram. Compressibility…