Related papers: Information Entropy and Correlations in Prime Numb…
We introduce a family of scale-invariant entropy statistics derived from logarithmically aggregated distance distributions of point processes, with prime numbers serving as a motivating example. The construction associates to each finite…
Bertrand's postulate establishes that for all positive integers $n>1$ there exists a prime number between $n$ and $2n$. We consider a generalization of this theorem as: for integers $n\geq k\geq 2$ is there a prime number between $kn$ and…
In recent years, computer simulations are playing a fundamental role in unveiling some of the most intriguing features of prime numbers. In this work, we define an algorithm for a deterministic walk through a two-dimensional grid that we…
In this note, we generalise two results on prime numbers in short intervals. The first result is Ingham's theorem which connects the zero-density estimates with short intervals where the prime number theorem holds, and the second result is…
In this article I present results from a statistical study of prime numbers that shows a behaviour that is not compatible with the thesis that they are distributed randomly. The analysis is based on studying two arithmetical progressions…
The well-known three distance theorem states that there are at most three distinct gaps between consecutive elements in the set of the first n multiples of any real number. We generalise this theorem to higher dimensions under a suitable…
A pattern of a sequence is a sequence of integer indices with each index describing the order of first occurrence of the respective symbol in the original sequence. In a recent paper, tight general bounds on the block entropy of patterns of…
The probability of finding a prime multiplet, i.e., a sequence of primes $p$ and $p+a_i$, $i=1... m$, being all primes where $p$ is some prime less than the integer $n$ is naively $1/log(n)^{m+1}$. It is shown that, in reality, it is…
Prime number multiplet classifications and patterns are extended to negative integers. The extension from prime numbers to single prime powers is also studied. Prime number septets at equal distance are given. It is also shown that each…
We consider an approach for testing the hypothesis that two realizations of the random variables in the form of histograms are taken from the same statistical population (i.e. two histograms are drawn from the same distribution). The…
For a prime number $p$, we consider its primorial $P:=p\#$ and $U(P):={\left(\mathbb{Z}/P\mathbb{Z}\right)}^\times$ the set of elements of the multiplicative group of integers modulo $P$ which we represent as points anticlockwise on a…
We define interval spacing as the difference in the order statistics of data over a gap of some width. We derive its density, expected value, and variance for uniform, exponential, and logistic variates. We show that interval spacing is…
A Prime Difference Champion (PDC) for primes up to $x$ is defined to be any element of the set of one or more differences that occur most frequently among all positive differences between primes $\le x$. Assuming an appropriate form of the…
In this paper we study the problem of detecting prime numbers between all consecutive cubes. Firstly, we use a large computation to show that there is always a prime between $n^3$ and $(n+1)^3$ for $n^3\leq 1.649\cdot 10^{40}$. In addition,…
We studied two probabilistic models of the distribution of primes in the natural number [1].The paper considers the third probabilistic model of the distribution of primes in the natural number. The author proved that the results obtained…
This document seeks to prove there are infinitely many primes whose difference is 2, referred to as twin prime pairs. This proof's methodology involves constructing a function that approximates the number of positive integers, less than a…
Finding the underlying probability distributions of a set of observed sequences under the constraint that each sequence is generated i.i.d by a distinct distribution is considered. The number of distributions, and hence the number of…
The prime number 357686312646216567629137 is notable because of the unusual property that it remains prime successively on removing the left digit until there are no remaining digits. We explore here the distributions of the number of left…
A grid poset -- or grid for short -- is a product of chains. We ask, what does a random linear extension of a grid look like? In particular, we show that the average "jump number," i.e., the number of times that two consecutive elements in…
We create a simple test for distinguishing between sets of primes and random numbers using just the sum-of-digits function. We find that the sum-of-the-digits of prime numbers does not have an equal probability of being odd or even. The…