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This paper presents a versatile model for generating fractal complex networks that closely mirror the properties of real-world systems. By combining features of reverse renormalization and evolving network models, the proposed approach…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-09-23 Kordian Makulski , Mateusz Samsel , Michal Lepek , Agata Fronczak , Piotr Fronczak

Statistical mechanical systems at and near their points of phase transition are expected to exhibit rich, fractal-like behaviour that is independent of the small-scale details of the system but depends strongly on the dimension in which the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Tom Hutchcroft

We propose a simple algorithm which produces high dimensional Apollonian networks with both small-world and scale-free characteristics. We derive analytical expressions for the degree distribution, the clustering coefficient and the…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-25 Zhongzhi Zhang , Francesc Comellas , Guillaume Fertin , Lili Rong

This paper aims to measure the efficiency of urban street networks (a kind of complex networks) from the perspective of the multidimensional chain of connectivity (or flow). More specifically, we define two quantities: flow dimension and…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2008-05-13 Bin Jiang

In recent years, there has been a growing recognition that higher-order structures are important features in real-world networks. A particular class of structures that has gained prominence is known as a simplicial complex. Despite their…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Mayank Kejriwal , Ke Shen

Network percolation has recently been proposed as a method to characterize the global structure of an urban system form the bottom-up. This paper proposes to extend urban network percolation in a multi-dimensional way, to take into account…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-03-19 Juste Raimbault

We consider a class of random, weighted networks, obtained through a redefinition of patterns in an Hopfield-like model and, by performing percolation processes, we get information about topology and resilience properties of the networks…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-30 Elena Agliari , Claudia Cioli , Enore Guadagnini

Many complex networks exhibit a percolation transition involving a macroscopic connected component, with universal features largely independent of the microscopic model and the macroscopic domain geometry. In contrast, we show that the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2017-06-29 Justin Coon , Carl P. Dettmann , Orestis Georgiou

A random sequential box-covering algorithm recently introduced to measure the fractal dimension in scale-free networks is investigated. The algorithm contains Monte Carlo sequential steps of choosing the position of the center of each box,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-04-29 J. S. Kim , K. -I. Goh , B. Kahng , D. Kim

In this paper we study self-similar and fractal networks from the combinatorial perspective. We establish analogues of topological (Lebesgue) and fractal (Hausdorff) dimensions for graphs and demonstrate that they are naturally related to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-25 Pavel Skums , Leonid Bunimovich

Fractal scale-free networks are empirically known to exhibit disassortative degree mixing. It is, however, not obvious whether a negative degree correlation between nearest neighbor nodes makes a scale-free network fractal. Here we examine…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-08-02 Yuka Fujiki , Shogo Mizutaka , Kousuke Yakubo

We introduce models of generic rigidity percolation in two dimensions on hierarchical networks, and solve them exactly by means of a renormalization transformation. We then study how the possibility for the network to self organize in order…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-13 J. Barré

The fractal structure of directed percolation clusters, grown at the percolation threshold inside parabolic-like systems, is studied in two dimensions via Monte Carlo simulations. With a free surface at y=\pm Cx^k and a dynamical exponent…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-22 C. Kaiser , L. Turban

In this brief report, we present a disordered version of recursive networks. Depending on the structural parameters $u$ and $v$, the networks are either fractals with a finite fractal dimension $d_{f}$ or transfinite fractals (transfractal)…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-13 Liang Tian , Da-Ning Shi

In this paper, we introduce a new concept: the transfinite fractal dimension of graph sequences motivated by the notion of fractality of complex networks proposed by Song et al. We show that the definition of fractality cannot be applied to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-26 Júlia Komjáthy , Roland Molontay , Károly Simon

Networks are mathematical structures that are universally used to describe a large variety of complex systems such as the brain or the Internet. Characterizing the geometrical properties of these networks has become increasingly relevant…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-26 Zhihao Wu , Giulia Menichetti , Christoph Rahmede , Ginestra Bianconi

The presence of large-scale real-world networks with various architectures has motivated an active research towards a unified understanding of diverse topologies of networks. Such studies have revealed that many networks with the scale-free…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-08-16 Jun Yamamoto , Kousuke Yakubo

Complex networks are characterized by several topological properties: degree distribution, clustering coefficient, average shortest path length, etc. Using a simple model to generate scale-free networks embedded on geographical space, we…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-11-20 Satoru Morita

We investigate site percolation in a hierarchical scale-free network known as the Dorogovtsev- Goltsev-Mendes network. We use the generating function method to show that the percolation threshold is 1, i.e., the system is not in the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-12-10 Takehisa Hasegawa , Koji Nemoto

In recent years, the theory and application of complex networks have been quickly developing in a markable way due to the increasing amount of data from real systems and to the fruitful application of powerful methods used in statistical…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-05-23 Enys Mones