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Despite enormous efforts devoted to understand the characteristics and impacts of retracted papers, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the dynamics of their harm and the dynamics of its propagation. Here, we propose a…

The importance of a research article is routinely measured by counting how many times it has been cited. However, treating all citations with equal weight ignores the wide variety of functions that citations perform. We want to…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2015-01-28 Xiaodan Zhu , Peter Turney , Daniel Lemire , André Vellino

Citation count of a paper is a commonly used proxy for evaluating the significance of a paper in the scientific community. Yet citation measures are widely criticized for failing to accurately reflect the true impact of a paper. Thus, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Ishan Kumar , Zhijing Jin , Ehsan Mokhtarian , Siyuan Guo , Yuen Chen , Mrinmaya Sachan , Bernhard Schölkopf

A new indicator, a real valued $s$-index, is suggested to characterize a quality and impact of the scientific research output. It is expected to be at least as useful as the notorious $h$-index, at the same time avoiding some its obvious…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-11-01 Z. K. Silagadze

Citation count is a quantifiable measure to indicate the number of times an article is cited by other articles. It is believed that if an article is cited often then it must be an important or influential article; however, there is no…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-06-27 Hardik Joshi

The historical and contemporary under-attribution of women's contributions to scientific scholarship is well-known and well-studied, with effects that are felt today in myriad ways by women scientists. One measure of this under-attribution…

The percentile-based rating scale P100 describes the citation impact in terms of the distribution of unique citation values. This approach has recently been refined by considering also the frequency of papers with the same citation counts.…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2014-11-11 Michael Schreiber

We performed a citation analysis on the Web of Science publications consisting of more than 63 million articles and 1.45 billion citations on 254 subjects from 1981 to 2020. We proposed the Article's Scientific Prestige (ASP) metric and…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Ying Chen , Thorsten Koch , Nazgul Zakiyeva , Kailiang Liu , Zhitong Xu , Chun-houh Chen , Junji Nakano , Keisuke Honda

Governments sometimes need to analyse sets of research papers within a field in order to monitor progress, assess the effect of recent policy changes, or identify areas of excellence. They may compare the average citation impacts of the…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2015-09-22 Ruth Fairclough , Mike Thelwall

Citing is an important aspect of scientific discourse and important for quantifying the scientific impact quantification of researchers. Previous works observed that citations are made not only based on the pure scholarly contributions but…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Chifumi Nishioka , Michael Färber , Tarek Saier

With the passage of more time from the original date of publication, the measure of the impact of scientific works using subsequent citation counts becomes more accurate. However the measurement of individual and organizational research…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Giovanni Abramo , Tindaro Cicero , Ciriaco Andrea D'Angelo

We address the question to what extent the success of scientific articles is due to social influence. Analyzing a data set of over 100000 publications from the field of Computer Science, we study how centrality in the coauthorship network…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-03-03 Emre Sarigöl , Rene Pfitzner , Ingo Scholtes , Antonios Garas , Frank Schweitzer

Tokenization is a fundamental step in natural language processing (NLP) and other sequence modeling domains, where the choice of vocabulary size significantly impacts model performance. Despite its importance, selecting an optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Yanjin He , Qingkai Zeng , Meng Jiang

Natural languages are full of rules and exceptions. One of the most famous quantitative rules is Zipf's law which states that the frequency of occurrence of a word is approximately inversely proportional to its rank. Though this `law' of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-05-27 Jake Ryland Williams , James P. Bagrow , Christopher M. Danforth , Peter Sheridan Dodds

In this study, we investigated a phenomenon that one intuitively would assume does not exist: self-citations on the paper basis. Actually, papers citing themselves do exist in the Web of Science (WoS) database. In total, we obtained 44,857…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Robin Haunschild , Lutz Bornmann

The Zipf distribution is a probability distribution widely used by scientists from various disciplines due to its ubiquity. Some of these areas include linguistics, physics, genetics, and sociology, among others. In this paper, it is proved…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-17 Marta Pérez-Casany , Ariel Duarte-López , Jordi Valero

Zipf's law states that the frequency of an observation with a given value is inversely proportional to the square of that value; Taylor's law, instead, describes the scaling between fluctuations in the size of a population and its mean.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-09-26 Charlotte James , Sandro Azaele , Amos Maritan , Filippo Simini

Predatory journals are Open Access journals of highly questionable scientific quality. Such journals pretend to use peer review for quality assurance, and spam academics with requests for submissions, in order to collect author payments. In…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Bo-Christer Björk , Sari Kanto-Karvonen , J. Tuomas Harviainen

The two most used citation impact indicators in the assessment of scientific journals are, nowadays, the impact factor and the h-index. However, both indicators are not field normalized (vary heavily depending on the scientific category)…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2015-10-14 Sara M. Gonzalez-Betancor , Pablo Dorta-Gonzalez

In order to advance academic research, it is important to assess and evaluate the academic influence of researchers and the findings they produce. Citation metrics are universally used methods to evaluate researchers. Amongst the several…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Aashay Singhal , Kamalakar Karlapalem
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