Related papers: External fields, density functionals, and the Gibb…
In paper I, we obtained an equation for the evolution of density inhomogeneities in a radiation dominated universe when they are affected by magnetic fields. In this second paper we apply this equation to the case in which the subjacent…
We consider non-linear evolution equations arising from mean-field limits of particle systems on discrete spaces. We investigate a notion of curvature bounds for these dynamics based on convexity of the free energy along interpolations in a…
In this paper equilibrium measures in the presence of external fields created by fixed charges are analyzed. These external fields are a particular case of the so-called rational external fields (in the sense that their derivatives are…
We show that a system of a domain wall coupled to a scalar field has static negative energy density at certain distances from the domain wall. This system provides a simple, explicit example of violation of the averaged weak energy…
When energy is not conserved, imprints of new physics on observable cosmology might not follow the rules of local effective actions. By capturing dissipative and diffusive effects, open effective field theories account for the possibly…
Systems driven far from equilibrium may exhibit anomalous density fluctuations: active matter with orientational order display giant density fluctuations at large scale, while systems of interacting particles close to an absorbing phase…
We discuss the equivalence between kinetic wealth-exchange models, in which agents exchange wealth during trades, and mechanical models of particles, exchanging energy during collisions. The universality of the underlying dynamics is shown…
Strongly coupled gravitational systems describe Einstein gravity and matter in the limit that Newton's constant G is assumed to be very large. The nonlinear evolution of these systems may be solved analytically in the classical and…
A statistical thermodynamic approach of moving particles forming an elastic body is presented which leads to reveal molecular-mechanical properties of classical and nonextensive dynamical systems. We derive the Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) entropy…
Apparent inconsistencies between different formulations of nucleon sum rules at finite density are resolved through a proper accounting of asymmetries in the spectral functions between positive- and negative-energy states.
Perfectly conducting boundaries, and their Dirichlet counterparts for quantum scalar fields, predict nonintegrable energy densities. A more realistic model with a finite ultraviolet cutoff yields two inconsistent values for the force on a…
Many effective field theories describing gravity cannot arise from an underlying theory based on Riemann geometry or its extensions to include torsion and nonmetricity but may instead emerge from another geometry or may have a nongeometric…
The generalized Gibbs-Duhem equation is obtained for systems with long-range interactions in $d$ spatial dimensions. We consider that particles in the system interact through a slowly decaying pair potential of the form $1/r^\nu$ with…
It is well known that the Gibbs inequality, which says that the Gibbs ratio is bounded above and below by positive constants, holds for the unique equilibrium states of H\"older continuous potentials on shift spaces, but it can fail for…
In the framework of density-functional theory, several popular density functionals for exchange and correlation have been constructed to satisfy a local form of the Lieb-Oxford bound. In its original global expression, the bound represents…
Entanglement entropy of gauge fields is calculated using the partition function in curved spacetime with a boundary. We derive a Gibbons-Hawking-like term from a Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) action and a Wald-entropy-like codimension-2…
Within the framework of the universal algebra of the electromagnetic field, the impact of globally neutral configurations of external charges on the field is analyzed. External charges are not affected by the field, but they induce…
The local thermodynamics of a system with long-range interactions in d dimensions is studied using the mean-field approximation. Long-range interactions are introduced through pair interaction potentials that decay as a power law in the…
In quantum field theory it is generally known that the energy density may be negative at a given point in spacetime. A number of papers have shown that there is a restriction on this energy density which is called a quantum inequality (QI).…
Thermodynamics as limiting behaviors of statistics is generalized to arbitrary system with probability {\it a priori} where thermodynamic infinite-size limit is replaced by multiple-measurement limit. A duality symmetry between Massieu's…