Related papers: Erosion patterns in a sediment layer
Solids subject to continuous changes of temperature or mechanical load often exhibit discontinuous avalanche-like responses. For instance, avalanche dynamics have been observed during plastic deformation, fracture, domain switching in…
Granular flows down inclined channels with smooth boundaries are common in nature and in the industry. Nevertheless, the common setup of flat boundaries has comparatively been much less investigated than the bumpy boundaries one, which is…
Aeolian sand beds exhibit regular patterns of ripples resulting from the interaction between topography and sediment transport. Their characteristics have been so far related to reptation transport caused by the impacts on the ground of…
We study the morphological evolution of surfaces during ion sputtering and we compare their dynamical roughening with aeolian ripple formation in sandy deserts. We show that the two phenomena can be described within the same theoretical…
Erosion of rocky coasts spontaneously creates irregular seashores. But the geometrical irregularity, in turn, damps the sea-waves, decreasing the average wave amplitude. There may then exist a mutual self-stabilisation of the waves…
Coherent structures, such as solitary waves, appear in many physical problems, including fluid mechanics, optics, quantum physics, and plasma physics. A less studied setting is found in geophysics, where highly viscous fluids couple to…
Erosion shapes our landscape and occurs when a sufficient shear stress is exerted by a fluid on a sedimented layer. What controls erosion at a microscopic level remains debated, especially near the threshold forcing where it stops. Here we…
Shells, when confined, can deform in a broad assortment of shapes and patterns, often quite dissimilar to what is produced by their flat counterparts (plates). In this work we discuss the morphological landscape of shells deposited on a…
Breaching of earthen or sandy dams/dunes by overtopping flow and waves is a complicated process with strong, unsteady flow, high sediment transport, and rapid bed changes in which the interactions between flow and morphology should not be…
Dune fields are commonly associated with periodic patterns that are among the most recognizable landscapes on Earth and other planetary bodies. However, in zones of limited sediment supply, where periodic dunes elongate and align in the…
Particle resuspension refers to the physical process by which solid particles deposited on a surface are, first, detached and, then, entrained away by the action of a fluid flow. In this study, we explore the dynamics of large and heavy…
Chemical erosion, one of the two major erosion processes along with mechanical erosion, occurs when a soluble rock like salt, gypsum or limestone is dissolved in contact with a water flow. The coupling between the geometry of the rocks, the…
A method is given for evaluating electromagnetic scattering by an irregular surface with spatially-varying impedance. This uses an operator expansion with respect to impedance variation and allows examination of its effects and the…
We develop a continuum description of partially fluidized granular flows. Our theory is based on the hydrodynamic equation for the flow coupled with the order parameter equation which describes the transition between flowing and static…
We consider the Faraday surface waves of a fluid in a container with a non-integrable boundary shape. We show that, at sufficiently low frequencies, the wave patterns are ``scars'' selected by the instability of the corresponding periodic…
The rheological properties of biological tissues are core to processes such as cancer metastasis, wound healing and embryo development. The emergence of tissue and organ structures during morphogenesis requires the precise formation of…
In this paper, the propagation of water surface waves over one-dimensional periodic and random bottoms is investigated by the transfer matrix method. For the periodic bottoms, the band structure is calculated, and the results are compared…
Sand ripples are commonly observed in both nature and industry. For example, they are found on riverbeds and in oil pipelines that transport sand. In both natural and industrial cases, ripples increase friction between the bed and fluid and…
The observability of the flow field away from the wall in turbulent channel flow is studied using only wall observations. Reconstructions are generated from noiseless but limited wall data using linear stochastic estimation, with emphasis…
Shallow flows are common in natural and human-made environments. Even for simple rectangular shallow reservoirs, recent laboratory experiments show that the developing flow fields are particularly complex, involving large-scale turbulent…