Related papers: Does the Boltzmann principle need a dynamical corr…
Temperature of a finite-sized system fluctuates due to the thermal fluctuations. However, a systematic mathematical framework for measuring or estimating the temperature is still underdeveloped. Here, we incorporate the estimation theory in…
Entropy and temperature of a system in a coherent state are naturally defined on a base of a density matrix of the system. As an example, entropy and temperature are evaluated for coherent states of a harmonic oscillator and quantum field…
The non-equilibrium dynamics of electrons is of a great experimental and theoretical value providing important microscopic parameters of the Coulomb and electron-phonon interactions in metals and other cold plasmas. Because of the…
This paper investigates generalized thermodynamic relationships in physical systems where relevant macroscopic variables are determined by the exponential Kolmogorov-Nagumo average. We show that while the thermodynamic entropy of such…
We analyze a gas of noninteracting fermions confined to a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator potential, with the aim of distinguishing between two proposed definitions of the thermodynamic entropy in the microcanonical ensemble, namely the…
Several results of black holes thermodynamics can be considered as firmly founded and formulated in a very general manner. From this starting point we analyse in which way these results may give us the opportunity to gain a better…
Accurate prediction of electron temperature ($T_{\rm e}$) in non-equilibrium {plasma} flows is critical, yet hampered by inadequate models for electron heating from vibrationally excited states. Prior models often relied on ad-hoc scaling…
A thermodynamic argument is proposed in order to discuss the most appropriate form of the local energy balance equation within the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation. The study is devoted to establish the correct thermodynamic property to be…
We investigate numerically a recent BGK-type model for a multi-component mixture of monatomic gases, undergoing a reversible bimolecular chemical reaction. The model replaces each collisional term of the Boltzmann equation with a relaxation…
The concept of temperature is one of the key ideas in describing the thermodynamical properties of a physical system. In classical statistical mechanics of ideal gases, the notion of temperature can be described in two different ways, the…
The time sequences of the molecular dynamics simulation for the folding process of a protein is analyzed with the inherent structure landscape which focuses on configurational dynamics of the system. Time dependent energy and entropy for…
Lattice kinetic equations incorporating the effects of external/internal force fields via a shift of the local fields in the local equilibria, are placed within the framework of continuum kinetic theory. The mathematical treatment reveals…
We review an scenario for the non-equilibrium dynamics of glassy systems that has been motivated by the exact solution of simple models. This approach allows one to set on firmer grounds well-known phenomenological theories. The old ideas…
The temperature of a physical system is operationally defined in physics as "that quantity which is measured by a thermometer" weakly coupled to, and at equilibrium with the system. This definition is unique only at global equilibrium in…
A microscopic understanding of the thermodynamic entropy in quantum systems has been a mystery ever since the invention of quantum mechanics. In classical physics, this entropy is believed to be the logarithm of the volume of phase space…
We analyze the finite temperature behaviour of massless conformally coupled scalar fields in homogeneous lens spaces $S^3/{\mathbb Z}_p$. High and low temperature expansions are explicitly computed and the behavior of thermodynamic…
Boltzmann's Principle S = k ln W was repeatedly criticized by Einstein since it lacked a proper dynamical foundation in view of the thermal motion of the particles, out of which a physical system consists. This suggests, in particular, that…
The one-loop effective potential for non-relativistic bosons with a delta function repulsive potential is calculated for a given chemical potential using functional methods. After renormalization and at zero temperature it reproduces the…
For static matter in a gravitational field, different conventions for equilibrium local temperature exist in the classic physics literature. We illustrate the difference between two popular conventions using black-body radiation in a…
The proper definition of entropy is fundamental to the relationship between statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. It also plays a major role in the recent debate about the validity of the concept of negative temperature. In this paper,…