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This study integrates pedestrian flow characteristics to formulate a mesoscopic cellular automata model tailored for simulating evacuations in large-scale scenarios. Departing from the conventional planar grid cell division, the model…
Computer based models describing pedestrian behavior in an emergency evacuation play a vital role in the development of active strategies that minimize the evacuation time when a closed area must be evacuated. The reference model has a…
We propose a 2-dimensional cellular automaton model to simulate pedestrian traffic. It is a vmax=1 model with exclusion statistics and parallel dynamics. Long-range interactions between the pedestrians are mediated by a so called floor…
We present a 2-dimensional cellular automaton model for the simulation of pedestrian dynamics. The model is extremely efficient and allows simulations of large crowds faster than real time since it includes only nearest-neighbour…
We present applications of a cellular automaton approach to pedestrian dynamics introduced in [1,2]. It is shown that the model is able to reproduce collective effects and self-organization phenomena encountered in pedestrian traffic, e.g.…
This paper attempts to design an intelligent simulation model for pedestrian crowd evacuation. For this purpose, the cellular automata(CA) was fully integrated with fuzzy logic, the kth nearest neighbors (KNN), and some statistical…
To minimize property loss and death count in terror attacks and other emergent scenarios, attention given to timely and effective evacuation cannot be enough. Due to limited evacuation resource, i.e., number of available exits, there exists…
We propose and analyze extended floor field cellular automaton models for evacuation dynamics of inhomogeneous pedestrian pairs which are coupled by asymmetric group interactions. Such pairs consist of a leader, who mainly determines the…
We present a simple cellular automaton based model of decision making during evacuation. Evacuees have to choose between two different exit routes, resulting in a strategic decision making problem. Agents take their decisions based on…
Effective evacuation policies in emergency situations are important to save lives. To develop such policies, simulation models based on cellular automata have been used for crowd evacuation dynamics. In most previous studies of crowd…
The bounded rationality plays a vital role in the collective behavior of the evacuation process. Also investigating human behavior in such an extreme situation is a continuing concern within social psychology. In this paper, we construct a…
Mathematical models of pedestrian evacuation and the associated simulation software have become essential tools for the assessment of the safety of public facilities and buildings. While a variety of models are now available, their…
Evacuation assistants and their guiding strategies play an important role in the multi-exits pedestrian evacuation. To investigate the effect of guiding strategies on evacuation efficiency, we propose a force-driven cellular automaton model…
Crowd simulation is used for evacuation and crowd safety inspections, study of performance in crowd systems and animations. Cellular automata has been extensively used in modelling the crowd. In regular cellular automata models, each…
A stochastic cellular automata (CA) model for pedestrian dynamics is presented. Our goal is to simulate different types of pedestrian movement, from regular to panic. But here we emphasize regular situations which imply that pedestrians…
We construct a two dimensional Cellular Automata based model for the description of pedestrian dynamics. Wide range of complicated pattern formation phenomena in pedestrian dynamics are described in the model, e.g. lane formation, jams in a…
This extensive review was written for the ``Encyclopedia of Complexity and System Science'' (Springer, 2008) and addresses a broad audience ranging from engineers to applied mathematicians, computer scientists and physicists. It provides an…
In recent years modelling crowd and evacuation dynamics has become very important, with increasing huge numbers of people gathering around the world for many reasons and events. The fact that our global population grows dramatically every…
The problem of finding the optimal placement of emergency exits in an indoor environment to facilitate the rapid and orderly evacuation of crowds is addressed in this work. A cellular-automaton model is used to simulate the behavior of…
We consider a kinetic theory approach to model the evacuation of a crowd from bounded domains. The interactions of a person with other pedestrians and the environment, which includes walls, exits, and obstacles, are modeled by using tools…