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The color appearance of a pathological image is highly related to the imaging protocols, the proportion of different dyes, and the scanning devices. Computer-aided diagnostic systems may deteriorate when facing these color-variant…
For two decades now, the importance of microstructure in the mechanical behaviour of a large collection of grains has been a topic of intense research. Many approaches have been developed to study the microstructure in granular materials,…
Compressive sensing (CS) has been studied and applied in structural health monitoring for wireless data acquisition and transmission, structural modal identification, and spare damage identification. The key issue in CS is finding the…
Atomic scale simulations are a key element of modern science in that they allow to understand, and even predict, complex physical or chemical phenomena on the basis of the fundamental laws of nature. Among the different existing atomic…
Disordered elemental semiconductors, most notably a-C and a-Si, are ubiquitous in a myriad of different applications. These exploit their unique mechanical and electronic properties. In the past couple of decades, density functional theory…
Hallucinations are spurious structures not present in the ground truth, posing a critical challenge in medical image reconstruction, especially for data-driven conditional models. We hypothesize that combining an unconditional diffusion…
We propose a novel method of introducing structure into existing machine learning techniques by developing structure-based similarity and distance measures. To learn structural information, low-dimensional structure of the data is captured…
Accurate determination of crystal structures is central to materials science, underpinning the understanding of composition-structure-property relationships and the discovery of new materials. Powder X-ray diffraction is a key technique in…
Inpainting-based compression represents images in terms of a sparse subset of its pixel data. Storing the carefully optimised positions of known data creates a lossless compression problem on sparse and often scattered binary images. This…
Local positional disorder in soft, anharmonic materials has emerged as a central factor in shaping their electronic, vibrational, optical, and transport properties. Viewed mainly as a source of performance degradation, recent theoretical…
Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) have recently been employed for image deblurring, formulated as an image-conditioned generation process that maps Gaussian noise to the high-quality image, conditioned on the blurry input.…
Compressed sensing (CS) is a valuable technique for reconstructing measurements in numerous domains. CS has not yet gained widespread adoption in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), despite potentially offering the advantages of lower…
Coherent diffraction imaging enables the imaging of individual defects, such as dislocations or stacking faults, in materials.These defects and their surrounding elastic strain fields have a critical influence on the macroscopic properties…
This paper focuses on causal structure estimation from time series data in which measurements are obtained at a coarser timescale than the causal timescale of the underlying system. Previous work has shown that such subsampling can lead to…
We present a perturbative approach to disordered systems in one spatial dimension that accesses the full range of phase disorder and clarifies the connection between localization and phase information. We consider a long chain of…
Predicting theoretically the highest density, which a disordered packing of discs can achieve, has been a long-standing unresolved problem. Such predictions are hindered by two difficulties - the dependence of the density on the packing…
We demonstrate experimentally that disordered scattering can be used to improve, rather than deteriorate, the focusing resolution of a lens. By using wavefront shaping to compensate for scattering, light was focused to a spot as small as…
Peridynamics provides a versatile tool for fracture modelling in materials where fracture pathways cannot be predicted beforehand, but must be envisaged as an emergent features of the deformation process. One class of materials where this…
Manufacturing wafers is an intricate task involving thousands of steps. Defect Pattern Recognition (DPR) of wafer maps is crucial for determining the root cause of production defects, which may further provide insight for yield improvement…
Single particle imaging (SPI) at X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) is particularly well suited to determine the 3D structure of particles in their native environment. For a successful reconstruction, diffraction patterns originating from a…