Related papers: From HIV infection to AIDS: A dynamically induced …
We use a cellular automata model to study the evolution of HIV infection and the onset of AIDS. The model takes into account the global features of the immune response to any pathogen, the fast mutation rate of the HIV and a fair amount of…
In this work we introduce a differential equation model with time-delay that describes the three-stage dynamics and the two time scales observed in HIV infection. Assuming that the virus has high mutation and rapid reproduction rates that…
The precise mechanism that causes HIV infection to progress to AIDS is still unknown. This paper presents a mathematical model which is able to predict the entire trajectory of the HIV/AIDS dynamics, then a possible explanation for this…
AIDS is the pandemic of our era. A disease that scares us not only because it is fatal but also because its insidious time course makes us all potential carriers long before it hands us our heads in a basket. The strange three stage…
Objective: The reservoir of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) latently infected cells is the major obstacle for eradication of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Due to the noisy environment and multiple influencing factors in the…
Multiple mechanisms in the HIV lifecycle play a role in its ability to evade therapy and become a chronic, difficult-to-treat infection. Within its major cellular target, the activated T cell, many steps occur between viral entry and viral…
Chronic infections of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) create a very complex co-evolutionary process, where the virus tries to escape the continuously adapting host immune system. Quantitative details of this process are largely…
One way in which the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) replicates within a host is by infecting activated CD4+ T-cells, which then produce additional copies of the virus. Even with the introduction of antiretroviral drug therapy, which…
Reliable estimation of spatio-temporal trends in population-level HIV incidence is becoming an increasingly critical component of HIV prevention policy-making. However, direct measurement is nearly impossible. Current, widely used models…
Mathematical modeling of biological systems is crucial to effectively and efficiently developing treatments for medical conditions that plague humanity. Often, systems of ordinary differential equations are a traditional tool used to…
The search to understand how the HIV virus spreads inside the human body and how the immune response works to control it has motivated studies related to Mathematical Immunology. Actually, researches include the idea of mathematical models…
With the launch of second line anti-retroviral therapy for HIV infected individuals, there has been an increased expectation on surviving period of people with HIV. We consider previously well-known models in HIV epidemiology where the…
We propose a time-parameterized analogy between the thermodynamic behavior of a 3-level energy system and the progression of the HIV infection described by the cell population evolution generated by an appropriated cellular automata model.…
HIV-1 can disseminate between susceptible cells by two mechanisms: cell-free infection following fluid-phase diffusion of virions and by highly-efficient direct cell-to-cell transmission at immune cell contacts. The contribution of this…
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 or simply HIV) induces a persistent infection, which in the absence of treatment leads to AIDS and death in almost all infected individuals. HIV infection elicits a vigorous immune response starting about…
We study the early stages of viral infection, and the distribution of times to obtain a persistent infection. The virus population proliferates by entering and reproducing inside a target cell until a sufficient number of new virus…
In early HIV infection, the virus population escapes from multiple CD8+ cell responses. The later an escape mutation emerges, the slower it outgrows its competition, i. e. the escape rate is lower. This pattern could indicate that the…
Recent clinical studies have shown that HIV disease pathogenesis can depend strongly on many factors at the time of transmission, including the strength of the initial viral load and the local availability of CD4+ T-cells. In this article,…
The evolutionary dynamics of HIV during the chronic phase of infection is driven by the host immune response and by selective pressures exerted through drug treatment. To understand and model the evolution of HIV quantitatively, the…
HIV is a deadly virus transmitted either through having of unprotected sex, mother to child transmission, sharing of unsterilized objects that is capable of making cut or wounds on the body, through blood or bodily fluid transmission. AIDS…