Related papers: Boundary Conditions in an Electric Current Contact

We study current fluctuations in tunnel junctions driven by a voltage source. The voltage is applied to the tunneling element via an impedance providing an electromagnetic environment of the junction. We use circuit theory to relate the…

Contact of a fluid with a solid or an elastic wall is investigated. The wall exerts molecular forces on the fluid which is locally strongly nonhomogeneous. The problem is approached with a fluid energy of the second gradient form and a wall…

This thesis investigates the mechanically controlled break junctions, with a particular emphasis on elucidating the behaviour of molecular currents at room temperature. The core of this experimental investigation involves a detailed…

First principles of electromagnetism impose that the tangential electric field must be continuous at the interface between two media. The definition of the electric field depends on the frame of reference leading to an ambiguity in the…

We discuss the properties of interacting electrons on a finite chain with open boundary conditions. We extend the Haldane Luttinger liquid description to these systems and study how the presence of the boundaries modifies various…

Electrons move along potential or thermal gradients. In the presence of a global gradient, applied e.g. to the two terminals of a conductor, this induces electric charge and heat currents. They can also flow between two equilibrated…

The development of microfluidic devices has recently revived the interest in "old" problems associated with transport at, or across, interfaces. As the characteristic sizes are decreased, the use of pressure gradients to transport fluids…

We investigate heat circulators where a phase coherent region is contacted by three leads that are either normal- or superconducting. A magnetic field, and potentially the superconducting phases, allow to control the preferential direction…

In this paper we investigate effects of boundary conditions on one dimensional pedestrian flow which involves purely longitudinal interactions. Qualitatively, stop-and-go waves are observed under closed boundary condition and dissolve when…

The phenomenological boundary conditions for the envelope wave function, which is applicable for contacts of semiconductors with the rather different crystal symmetry are proposed. It is shown that the boundary conditions are determined by…

The Josephson coupling of two isotropic s-wave superconductors through a small, magnetically active junction is studied. This is done as a function of junction transparency and of the degree of spin-mixing occurring in the barrier. In the…

The three most commonly-used boundary conditions for charged colloidal systems are constant charge (insulator), constant potential (conducting electrode) and charge regulation (ionizable groups at the surface). It is usually believed that…

Modeling the chemical, electric, and thermal transport as well as phase transitions and the accompanying mesoscale microstructure evolution within a material in an electronic device setting involves the solution of partial differential…

Boundary conditions for the solid-liquid interface of the solidifying pure melt have been derived. In the derivation the model of Gibbs interface is used. The boundary conditions include both the state quantities of bulk phases are taken at…

Boundary conditions dictate how fluids, including liquid crystals, flow when pumped through a channel. Can boundary conditions also be used to control internally driven active fluids that generate flows spontaneously? By using numerical…

A formulation for transport in an inhomogeneous, interacting electron gas is described. Electronic current is induced by a constraint condition imposed as a vector Lagrange multiplier. Constrained minimization of the total energy functional…

Real physical systems are only understood, experimentally or theoretically, to a finite resolution so in their analysis there is generally an ignorance of possible short-range phenomena. It is also well-known that the boundary conditions of…

The persistent current in small isolated rings enclosing magnetic flux is the current circulating in equilibrium in the absence of an external excitation. While initially studied in superconducting and normal metals, recently, atomic…

We present an effective thermal open boundary condition for convective heat transfer problems on domains involving outflow/open boundaries. This boundary condition is energy-stable, and it ensures that the contribution of the open boundary…

Following up on the recently published circuit theory for thermodynamic devices, we consider networks of Thermo-Electric Converters (TECs) in stationary non-equilibrium. Assuming constant thermoelectric properties, the integration over a…