Related papers: Modern calorimetry: going beyond tradition
A method to measure thermophysical characteristics (TPC) of conductive materials is described. The method is based upon controlled bulk (e.g., Ohmic) heating and measurement of the averaged over the volume of a sample temperature and the…
Universality of classical thermodynamics rests on the central limit theorem, due to which, measurements of thermal fluctuations are unable to reveal detailed information regarding the microscopic structure of a macroscopic body. When small…
Dual readout calorimeters allow state-of-the-art resolutions for hadronic energy measurements. Their various incarnations are leading candidates for the calorimeter systems for future colliders. In this paper, we present a simple formula…
Measurement theory is the cornerstone of science, but no equivalent theory underpins the huge volumes of non-numerical data now being generated. In this study, we show that replacing numbers with alternative mathematical models, such as…
Hadron therapy is a novel treatment against cancer. The main advantage of this therapy causes less side effect in comparison to X-ray irradiation methods. Hadron therapy is just ahead of a significant breakthrough since this technique can…
Solar astrometry deals with the accurate measumerent of the solar diameter, and in general with the measurement of the shape of the Sun. During the last decades several techniques have been developed to monitor the radius and the irradiance…
Herein, we analyse polytropic processes for an ideal gas within the wider concept of thermal capacity. To answer the question of whether the thermal capacity is a process, path, or state function, we argue that it should be tentatively set…
A high resolution non-adiabatic method for measuring the heat capacity ($C_v$) of bulk samples of condensable gases in the range 7.5-70 K is described. In this method $C_v$ is evaluated by directly comparing the heating and cooling rates of…
Based on transformation optics (TO), we present and experimentally realize a new thermal carpet cloak. The device, which we call a "thermal carpet", provides a considerable cloaking effect. The device is designed, fabricated and measured to…
We establish an analytical criterion for dynamical thermalization within harmonic systems, applicable to both classical and quantum models. Specifically, we prove that thermalization of various observables, such as particle energies in…
With the help of metadynamics it is possible to calculate efficiently the free energy of systems displaying high energy barriers as a function of few selected "collective variables". In doing this, the contribution of all the other degrees…
Future HEP experiments present stringent challenges to calorimeter materials in radiation tolerance, time response and project cost. The 2019 report of the DOE Basic Research Needs Study on High Energy Physics Detector Research and…
The urge for efficient and environmentally friendly alternatives for the current gas-based refrigeration is becoming more critical due to global warming and overpopulation. Among the main candidates, solid-state-based cooling technology is…
The electrocaloric effect refers to the temperature change in a material when an electric field is applied or removed. Significant breakthroughs revealed its potential for solid-state cooling technologies in past decades. These devices…
The last two decades has seen quantum thermodynamics become a well established field of research in its own right. In that time, it has demonstrated a remarkably broad applicability, ranging from providing foundational advances in the…
Advantages of quantum effects in several technologies, such as computation and communication, have already been well appreciated, and some devices, such as quantum computers and communication links, exhibiting superiority to their classical…
The recently introduced concept of generalized thermodynamics is explored here in the context of 1d, 2d and 3d data analysis, performed on samples drawn from a 3d X-ray soil sample image. Different threshold levels are used to binarize the…
This Colloquium is a fast journey through the build-up of key thermodynamical concepts, i.e. work, heat and irreversibility -- and how they relate to information. Born at the time of industrial revolution to optimize the exploitation of…
Recent developments on the MicroMegas prototypes built by use of the bulk technology with analog and digital readout electronics are presented. The main test beam results of a stack of several MicroMegas prototypes fully comply with the…
With the advances in materials and integration of electronics and thermoelectrics, the demand for novel crystalline materials with ultimate high/low thermal conductivity is increasing. However, search for optimal thermal materials is…