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The Expectation--Maximization (EM) algorithm is a simple meta-algorithm that has been used for many years as a methodology for statistical inference when there are missing measurements in the observed data or when the data is composed of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-15 Hideitsu Hino , Shotaro Akaho , Noboru Murata

The Expectation--Maximization Maximum Likelihood (EMML) algorithm belongs to the Expectation--Maximization family and is widely used for image reconstruction problems under Poisson noise.In this paper, we reinterpret EMML as a mirror…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-20 Antonin Clerc , Ségolène Martin , Nicolas Papadakis , Gabriele Steidl

The expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is a well-known iterative method for computing maximum likelihood estimates from incomplete data. Despite its numerous advantages, a main drawback of the EM algorithm is its frequently observed…

Computation · Statistics 2018-08-14 Nicholas C. Henderson , Ravi Varadhan

Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is a widely used iterative algorithm for computing maximum likelihood estimate when dealing with Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). When the sample size is smaller than the data dimension, this could lead…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-06 Pierre Houdouin , Matthieu Jonkcheere , Frederic Pascal

We consider the problem of recovering elements of a low-dimensional model from linear measurements. From signal and image processing to inverse problems in data science, this question has been at the center of many applications. Lately,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-15 Yann Traonmilin , Jean François Aujol , Antoine Guennec

A Maximum Likelihood recursive state estimator is derived for non-linear and non-Gaussian state-space models. The estimator combines a particle filter to generate the conditional density and the Expectation Maximization algorithm to compute…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-22 Mohammad S. Ramadan , Robert R. Bitmead

We explore a method of statistical estimation called Maximum Entropy on the Mean (MEM) which is based on an information-driven criterion that quantifies the compliance of a given point with a reference prior probability measure. At the core…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-20 Yakov Vaisbourd , Rustum Choksi , Ariel Goodwin , Tim Hoheisel , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Maximum likelihood estimation is effective for identifying dynamical systems, but applying it to large networks becomes computationally prohibitive. This paper introduces a maximum likelihood estimation method that enables identification of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-06 João Victor Galvão da Mata , Anders Hansson , Martin S. Andersen

We consider approximate maximum likelihood parameter estimation in nonlinear state-space models. We discuss both direct optimization of the likelihood and expectation--maximization (EM). For EM, we also give closed-form expressions for the…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-11-03 Juho Kokkala , Arno Solin , Simo Särkkä

Optical molecular tomographic imaging is to reconstruct the concentration distribution of photon-molecular probes in a small animal from measured photon fluence rates. The localization and quantification of molecular probes is related to…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-07-18 Wenxiang Cong , Xavier Intes , Ge Wang

Latent Gaussian models have a rich history in statistics and machine learning, with applications ranging from factor analysis to compressed sensing to time series analysis. The classical method for maximizing the likelihood of these models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Alexander Lin , Bahareh Tolooshams , Yves Atchadé , Demba Ba

We consider the problem of retrieving the aerosol extinction coefficient from Raman lidar measurements. This is an ill--posed inverse problem that needs regularization, and we propose to use the Expectation--Maximization (EM) algorithm to…

In this work, we investigate the margin-maximization bias exhibited by gradient-based algorithms in classifying linearly separable data. We present an in-depth analysis of the specific properties of the velocity field associated with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Mingze Wang , Zeping Min , Lei Wu

The aim of this paper is to establish a nonlinear variational approach to the reconstruction of moving density images from indirect dynamic measurements. Our approach is to model the dynamics as a hyperelastic deformation of an initial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-12-01 Martin Burger , Jan Modersitzki , Sebastian Suhr

We introduce an optimization model for maximum likelihood-type estimation (M-estimation) that generalizes a large class of existing statistical models, including Huber's concomitant M-estimator, Owen's Huber/Berhu concomitant estimator, the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-10-09 Patrick L. Combettes , Christian L. Müller

Variance parameter estimation in linear mixed models is a challenge for many classical nonlinear optimization algorithms due to the positive-definiteness constraint of the random effects covariance matrix. We take a completely novel view on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-20 Lena Sembach , Jan Pablo Burgard , Volker H. Schulz

I propose an estimation algorithm for Exponential Random Graph Models (ERGM), a popular statistical network model for estimating the structural parameters of strategic network formation in economics and finance. Existing methods often…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-12-09 Yoon Choi

A new approach for signal parametrization, which consists of a specific regression model incorporating a discrete hidden logistic process, is proposed. The model parameters are estimated by the maximum likelihood method performed by a…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-12-30 Faicel Chamroukhi , Allou Samé , Gérard Govaert , Patrice Aknin

We propose the superiorization of incremental algorithms for tomographic image reconstruction. The resulting methods follow a better path in its way to finding the optimal solution for the maximum likelihood problem in the sense that they…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-04-03 Elias S. Helou , Marcelo V. W. Zibetti , Eduardo X. Miqueles

This paper presents a detailed theoretical analysis of the three stochastic approximation proximal gradient algorithms proposed in our companion paper [49] to set regularization parameters by marginal maximum likelihood estimation. We prove…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-14 Valentin De Bortoli , Alain Durmus , Ana F. Vidal , Marcelo Pereyra