Related papers: Electron fractionalization and cuprate superconduc…
We study the problem of an electron in two dimensions in the presence of a magnetic vortex with a step-like profile. Dependending on the values of the effective mass and gyromagnetic factor of the electron, it may be trapped by the vortex.…
In part (I) of this two paper series on stripe fractionalization, we argued that in principle the `domain wall-ness' of the stripe phase could persist in the spin and charge disordered superconductors, and we demonstrated how this physics…
We study the transmission properties of a few-site Hubbard rings with up to second-nearest neighbor coupling embedded to a ring-shaped lead using exact diagonalization. The approach captures all the correlation effects and enables us to…
The purpose of this paper is to show that, under certain restrictions, we can take a Dirac-Aharonov-Bohm potential as a pure gauge field. We argue that a modified quantization condition comes out for the electric charge that may open up the…
We discuss the phases of four dimensional gauge theories and demonstrate them in solvable examples. Some of our simple examples exhibit confinement and oblique confinement. The theory has dual magnetic and dual dyonic descriptions in which…
We consider electron-atom scattering in a circularly polarized laser field at sufficiently high electron energies, permitting to describe the scattering process by the first order Born approximation. Assuming the radiation field has…
The idea of spin-charge separation in cuprate superconductors has been recently energized by Senthil and Fisher who formulated a Z_2 gauge theory and, within its context, proposed a ``vison detection'' experiment as a test for topological…
The possibility of driving phase transitions in low-density condensates through the loss of phase coherence alone has far-reaching implications for the study of quantum phases of matter. This has inspired the development of tools to control…
We consider the problem of interacting electrons constrained to move on a fluctuating one-dimensional string. An effective low-energy theory for the electrons is derived by integrating out the string degrees of freedom to lowest order in…
A quantum phase transition is an unequivocal signature of strongly correlated many-body physics. Signatures of such phenomena are yet to be observed in ballistic transport through quantum wires. Recent developments in quantum wires have…
Despite fermion doubling, a two-dimensional quasi-relativistic spin-1/2 system can still lead to true fractionalization of electrical charge, when a massive ordered phase supports a "half-vortex". Such topological defect is possible when…
We study the quantum phase transition of interacting electrons in quantum wires from a one-dimensional (1D) linear configuration to a quasi-1D zigzag arrangement using quantum Monte Carlo methods. As the density increases from its lowest…
Bi-based cuprate superconductors are important materials for both fundamental research and applications. As in other cuprates, the superconducting phase in the Bi compounds lies close to an antiferromagnetic phase. Our density functional…
We study electronic structures of quasi-two-dimensional finite electron systems in high magnetic fields. The solutions in the fractional quantum Hall regime are interpreted as quantum liquids of electrons and off-electron vortices. The…
Inter-channel Coulomb interaction mixes charge excitations in copropagating quantum Hall edge channels, generating coupled excitation eigenmodes propagating at different speeds. This mode transformation causes an electron state to split…
Fractionalization is a phenomenon where an elementary excitation partitions into several pieces. This picture explains non-trivial transport through a junction of one-dimensional edge channels defined by topologically distinct quantum Hall…
A linearly coupled chain of spin-polarized quantum dots is investigated under the condition that the number of electrons is equal to or less than the number of the dots. The chemical potential of the system, $\mu_{N}=E(N)-E(N-1)$,…
We study a two-electron quantum dot molecule in a magnetic field by the direct diagonalization of the Hamiltonian matrix. The ground states of the molecule with the total spin S=0 and S=1 provide a possible realization for a qubit of a…
We propose a scenario for superconductivity at strong electron-electron attractive interaction, in the case when the increase of the interaction strength promotes the nucleation of the local Cooper pairs and forms a state with a spatially…
We develop some ideas about gauge symmetry in the context of Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism in the Hamiltonian formalism. One great benefit of this formalism is that it pairs momentum and configurational degrees of freedom, so that a…