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A simple model of a buying-selling cycle is proposed. The model comprises two moves: a rational buying and a random selling. The notion of a profit intensity is introduced. Supply and demand curves and geometrical interpretation are…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 E. W. Piotrowski , J. Sladkowski

We present a simple dynamical model for describing trading interactions between agents in a social network by considering only two dynamical variables, namely money and goods or services, that are assumed conserved over the whole time span…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-02-01 Rafael A. Barrio , Tzipe Govezensky , Élfego Ruiz-Gutiérrez , Kimmo K. Kaski

Execution algorithms are vital to modern trading, they enable market participants to execute large orders while minimising market impact and transaction costs. As these algorithms grow more sophisticated, optimising them becomes…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-28 Ollie Olby , Andreea Bacalum , Rory Baggott , Namid Stillman

The ability to construct a realistic simulator of financial exchanges, including reproducing the dynamics of the limit order book, can give insight into many counterfactual scenarios, such as a flash crash, a margin call, or changes in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Namid R. Stillman , Rory Baggott , Justin Lyon , Jianfei Zhang , Dingqiu Zhu , Tao Chen , Perukrishnen Vytelingum

In financial markets, liquidity is not constant over time but exhibits strong seasonal patterns. In this article we consider a limit order book model that allows for time-dependent, deterministic depth and resilience of the book and…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2011-09-14 Antje Fruth , Torsten Schoeneborn , Mikhail Urusov

We build a profitable electronic trading agent with Reinforcement Learning that places buy and sell orders in the stock market. An environment model is built only with historical observational data, and the RL agent learns the trading…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Haoran Wei , Yuanbo Wang , Lidia Mangu , Keith Decker

In the present work we introduce a novel multi-agent model with the aim to reproduce the dynamics of a double auction market at microscopic time scale through a faithful simulation of the matching mechanics in the limit order book. The…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2015-05-18 Marco Bartolozzi

In this study, we introduce a physical model inspired by statistical physics for predicting price volatility and expected returns by leveraging Level 3 order book data. By drawing parallels between orders in the limit order book and…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-06-26 Haochen Li , Yi Cao , Maria Polukarov , Carmine Ventre

We assume the market price to diffuse in a hierarchical comb of barriers, the heights of which represent the importance of new information entering the market. We find fat tails with the desired exponent for the price change distribution,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Christian Schulze

We investigate knowledge exchange among commercial organisations, the rationale behind it and its effects on the market. Knowledge exchange is known to be beneficial for industry, but in order to explain it, authors have used high level…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Maria Chli , Philippe De Wilde

Modern financial exchanges use an electronic limit order book (LOB) to store bid and ask orders for a specific financial asset. As the most fine-grained information depicting the demand and supply of an asset, LOB data is essential in…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2023-03-02 Zijian Shi , John Cartlidge

We provide simple models for the utility function (or psychology) of an actor trading a multitude of goods for money. In this framework, money has no intrinsic consumption value, but is required as a medium of exchange. A collection of such…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-25 Robert S. Farr

The latent order book of \cite{donier2015fully} is one of the most promising agent-based models for market impact. This work extends the minimal model by allowing agents to exhibit mean-reversion, a commonly observed pattern in real…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2020-09-07 Ismael Lemhadri

Market manipulation is tackled through regulation in traditional markets because of its detrimental effect on market efficiency and many participating financial actors. The recent increase of private retail investors due to new low-fee…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-10-11 Jean-Noël Tuccella , Philip Nadler , Ovidiu Şerban

We consider a financial market in which traders potentially face restrictions in trading some of the available securities. Traders are heterogeneous with respect to their beliefs and risk profiles, and the market is assumed thin: traders…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2023-12-06 Michail Anthropelos , Constantinos Kardaras

We present an agent based model of a single asset financial market that is capable of replicating several non-trivial statistical properties observed in real financial markets, generically referred to as stylized facts. While previous…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-04-12 Roberto Mota Navarro , Hernán Larralde Ridaura

Enabling autonomous agents to act cooperatively is an important step to integrate artificial intelligence in our daily lives. While some methods seek to stimulate cooperation by letting agents give rewards to others, in this paper we…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Michael Kölle , Tim Matheis , Philipp Altmann , Kyrill Schmid

In this study, we investigate the statistical properties of the returns and the trading volume. We show a typical example of power-law distributions of the return and of the trading volume. Next, we propose an interacting agent model of…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2013-09-11 Taisei Kaizoji

We present an empirical study of the intertwined behaviour of members in a financial market. Exploiting a database where the broker that initiates an order book event can be identified, we decompose the correlation and response functions…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2012-05-02 Bence Toth , Zoltan Eisler , Fabrizio Lillo , Julien Kockelkoren , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud , J. Doyne Farmer

A market of potato commodity for industry scale usage is engaging several types of actors. They are farmers, middlemen, and industries. A multi-agent system has been built to simulate these actors into agent entities, based on manually…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2013-01-01 R. Refianti , A. B. Mutiara , H. Gunawan