Related papers: Traffic and Related Self-Driven Many-Particle Syst…
The modelling of traffic flow using methods and models from physics has a long history. In recent years especially cellular automata models have allowed for large-scale simulations of large traffic networks faster than real time. On the…
Empirical and numerical microscopic features of moving traffic jams are presented. Based on a single vehicle data analysis, it is found that within wide moving jams, i.e., between the upstream and downstream jam fronts there is a complex…
Statistical mechanics of a disordered system of cars on a single-lane road is developed. Behaviour of cars is defined by conditional probability of car velocity depending on the distance and velocity of the car ahead. A system consisting of…
We present a detailed analysis of single-vehicle data which sheds some light on the microscopic interaction of the vehicles. Besides the analysis of free flow and synchronized traffic the data sets especially provide information about wide…
In this paper we propose a new modeling technique for vehicular traffic flow, designed for capturing at a macroscopic level some effects, due to the microscopic granularity of the flow of cars, which would be lost with a purely continuous…
This paper shows how particle hopping models fit into the context of traffic flow theory. Connections between fluid-dynamical traffic flow models, which derive from the Navier-Stokes-equations, and particle hopping models are shown. In some…
"Phantom jams," traffic blockages that arise without apparent cause, have long frustrated transportation scientists. Herein, we draw a novel homology between phantom jams and a related class of self-sustained transonic waves, namely…
We present large scale and detailed analysis of the microscopic empirical data of the traffic flow, focusing on the non-linear interactions between the vehicles when the traffic is congested. By implementing a "renormalisation" procedure…
Moving bottlenecks, such as slow-driving vehicles, are commonly thought of as impediments to efficient traffic flow. Here, we demonstrate that in certain situations, moving bottlenecks---properly controlled---can actually be beneficial for…
Traffic flow at low densities (free traffic) is characterized by a quasi-one-dimensional relation between traffic flow and vehicle density, while no such fundamental diagram exists for `synchronized' congested traffic flow. Instead, a…
Traffic flow is a very prominent example of a driven non-equilibrium system. A characteristic phenomenon of traffic dynamics is the spontaneous and abrupt drop of the average velocity on a stretch of road leading to congestion. Such a…
Why does a traffic jams form out of nowhere, and why does it stretch for kilometers even after the initial cause is passed? This study examines how congestion moves and spreads across motorways using a surprisingly simple method: response…
A model for traffic flow in street networks or material flows in supply networks is presented, that takes into account the conservation of cars or materials and other significant features of traffic flows such as jam formation, spillovers,…
In human crowds as well as in many animal societies, local interactions among individuals often give rise to self-organized collective organizations that offer functional benefits to the group. For instance, flows of pedestrians moving in…
Experimental studies on vehicular traffic provide data on quantities like density, flux, and mean speed of the vehicles. However, the diagrams relating these variables (the fundamental and speed diagrams) show some peculiarities not yet…
Phantom traffic jams may emerge ``out of nowhere'' from small fluctuations rather than being triggered by large, exceptional events. We show how phantom jams arise in a model of single lane highway traffic, which mimics human driving…
Stop-and-go waves are commonly observed in traffic and pedestrian flows. In traffic theory they are described by phase transitions of metastable models. The self-organization phenomenon occurs due to inertia mechanisms but requires fine…
When a new vehicle joins a lane, those behind may have to temporarily slow to accommodate them. Changing lane can be forced due to lane drops or junctions, but may also take place spontaneously at discretion of drivers, and recent studies…
The emergence of autonomous vehicles is expected to revolutionize road transportation in the near future. Although large-scale numerical simulations and small-scale experiments have shown promising results, a comprehensive theoretical…
Based on numerical simulations of a three-phase traffic flow model, a probabilistic theory of traffic at the light signal is developed. We have found that very complex spatiotemporal self-organized phenomena determine features of city…