Related papers: Small world patterns in food webs

Shortest paths are not always simple. In planar networks, they can be very different from those with the smallest number of turns - the simplest paths. The statistical comparison of the lengths of the shortest and simplest paths provides a…

Discoveries of the scale-free and small-world features are reported on a network constructed from the seismic data. It is shown that the connectivity distribution decays as a power law, and the value of the degrees of separation, i.e., the…

Real-world growth processes and scalings have been broadly categorized into three growth regimes with distinctly different properties and driving forces. The first two are characterized by a positive and constant feedback between growth and…

Disordered systems theory provides powerful tools to analyze the generic behaviors of highdimensional systems, such as species-rich ecological communities or neural networks. By assuming randomness in their interactions, universality…

Complexity and limited ability have profound effect on how we learn and make decisions under uncertainty. Using the theory of finite automaton to model belief formation, this paper studies the characteristics of optimal learning behavior in…

During the last three decades the Internet has experienced fascinating evolution, both exponential growth in traffic and rapid expansion in topology. The size of the Internet becomes enormous, yet the network is very `small' in the sense…

One of the properties that make ecological systems so unique is the range of complex behavioural patterns that can be exhibited by even the simplest communities with only a few species. Much of this complexity is commonly attributed to…

We study the BTW-height model of self-organized criticality on a square lattice with some long range connections giving to the lattice the character of small world network. We find that as function of the fraction $p$ of long ranged bonds…

Small-world architectures may be implicated in a range of phenomena from disease propagation to networks of neurons in the cerebral cortex. While most of the recent attention on small-world networks has focussed on the effect of introducing…

Network structure or connectivity pattern is critical in determining collective dynamics among interacting species in ecosystems. Conventional research on species persistence in spatial populations has focused on static network structure,…

We propose a novel network measure of topological invariants, called small-worldness, for identifying topological phase transitions of quantum and classical spin models. Small-worldness is usually defined in the study of social networks…

Various molecular interaction networks have been claimed to follow power-law decay for their global connectivity distribution. It has been proposed that there may be underlying generative models that explain this heavy-tailed behavior by…

We study the dynamics of the Bak-Sneppen model on small-world networks. For each site in the network, we define a ``connectance,'' which measures the distance to all other sites. We find radically different patterns of activity for…

Systems as diverse as genetic networks or the world wide web are best described as networks with complex topology. A common property of many large networks is that the vertex connectivities follow a scale-free power-law distribution. This…

Many complex systems can be described in terms of networks of interacting units. Recent studies have shown that a wide class of both natural and artificial nets display a surprisingly widespread feature: the presence of highly heterogeneous…

From flocking birds to schooling fish, organisms interact to form collective dynamics across the natural world. Self-organization is present at smaller scales as well: cells interact and move during development to produce patterns in fish…

The assembly of ecological communities from a pool of species is central to ecology, but the effect of this process on properties of community interaction networks is still largely unknown. Here, we use a systematic analytical framework to…

In food webs, many interacting species coexist despite the restrictions imposed by the competitive exclusion principle and apparent competition. For the generalized Lotka-Volterra equations, sustainable coexistence necessitates nonzero…

The recent discovery of universal principles underlying many complex networks occurring across a wide range of length scales in the biological world has spurred physicists in trying to understand such features using techniques from…

Despite the knowledge that social, economical, and ecological networks are often of a small-world nature with inter-nodal distance growing even slower than logarithmically with system size, we often assume theoretical systems to be outside…