Related papers: Depinning of a superfluid vortex line by Kelvin wa…
We study pinning and unpinning of superfluid vortices in the inner crust of a neutron star using 3-dimensional dynamical simulations. Strong pinning occurs for certain lattice orientations of an idealized, body-centered cubic lattice, and…
We examine the stability of a pinned superfluid helium vortex line by measuring its persistence at elevated temperatures. Each vortex terminates at the surface of the container, at either a rounded bump or a conical indentation. We find…
Theoretical considerations are made of superfluid turbulence in the Kelvin wave cascade regime at low temperatures (T < 1K) and length scales of the order or smaller than the intervortical distance. The energy spectrum is shown to be in…
To better understand vortex pinning in thin superconducting slabs, we study the interaction of a single fluctuating vortex filament with a curved line defect in (1+1) dimensions. This problem is also relevant to the interaction of scratches…
We present measurements of how a single vortex line in superfluid helium interacts with a macroscopic bump on the chamber wall. At a general level our measurements confirm computational work on vortex pinning by a hemispherical bump, but…
A study by computer simulation is reported of the behaviour of a quantized vortex line at a very low temperature when there is continuous excitation of low-frequency Kelvin waves. There is no dissipation except by phonon radiation at a very…
We numerically studied the vortex dynamics at zero temperature in superfluid $^4$He confined between two parallel rough solid boundaries, one of which oscillates in a shear mode. This study was motivated by the experimental work by Barquist…
The elementary processes involved in the decay of superfluid turbulence in the limit of low temperature are studied by numerical simulations of vortex ring collisions. We find that small vortex rings produced by reconnections eventually…
Kelvin waves (kelvons)--the distortion waves on vortex lines--play a key part in the relaxation of superfluid turbulence at low temperatures. We present a weak-turbulence theory of kelvons. We show that non-trivial kinetics arises only…
Kelvin waves (kelvons)--helical waves on quantized vortex lines--are the normal modes of vortices in a superfluid. At zero temperature, the only dissipative channel of vortex dynamics is phonon emission. Starting with the hydrodynamic…
We characterize the mechanisms of vortex pinning in a superfluid thin film described by the two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We consider a vortex "scattering experiment" whereby a single vortex in a superfluid flow interacts with…
The spinning down (up) of a superfluid is associated with a radial motion of its quantized vortices. In the presence of pinning barriers against the motion of the vortices, a spin-down may be still realized through ``random unpinning'' and…
Kelvin waves propagating on quantum vortices play a crucial role in the phenomenology of energy dissipation of superfluid turbulence. Previous theoretical studies have consistently focused on the zero-temperature limit of the statistical…
We employ the Gross--Pitaevskii theory to model a quantized vortex depinning from a small obstacle in a two-dimensional superfluid due to an imposed background superfluid flow. We find that, when the flow's velocity exceeds a critical…
The pinning and collective unpinning of superfluid vortices in a decelerating container is a key element of the canonical model of neutron star glitches and laboratory spin-down experiments with helium II. Here the dynamics of vortex…
We study trapping of a cold atom by a single vortex line in an extreme type II superconducting chip, allowing for pinning and friction. We evaluate the atom's spin flip rate and its dephasing due to the vortex fluctuations in equilibrium…
We have theoretically investigated Kelvin waves of quantized vortex lines in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates. Counterrotating perturbation induces an elliptical instability to the initially straight vortex line, driven by a parametric…
We determine numerically the steady-state spectrum for Kelvin waves on a superfluid 4He vortex that is driven by shaking its end points and damped by mutual friction. The relaxation rate towards a steady state is determined by the mutual…
The density fluctuations of quantum vortex lines are measured in a turbulent flow of superfluid He, at temperatures corresponding to superfluid fraction of 16%, 47% and 81%. The probe is a micro-fabricated second sound resonator that allows…
Vortex pinning is a crucial factor that determines the critical current of practical superconductors and enables their diverse applications. However, the underlying mechanism of vortex pinning has long been elusive, lacking a clear…