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We present an approach to natural language understanding based on a computable grammar of constructions. A "construction" consists of a set of features of form and a description of meaning in a context. A grammar is a set of constructions.…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a critical technique for enhancing large language model (LLM) capabilities. However, practitioners face significant challenges when making RAG deployment decisions. While existing research…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Shengming Zhao , Yuchen Shao , Yuheng Huang , Jiayang Song , Zhijie Wang , Chengcheng Wan , Lei Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) are adept at generating responses based on information within their context. While this ability is useful for interacting with structured data like code files, another popular method, Retrieval-Augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Mihir Gupte , Paolo Giusto , Ramesh S

Modern Natural Language Generation (NLG) models come with massive computational and storage requirements. In this work, we study the potential of compressing them, which is crucial for real-world applications serving millions of users. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Nitay Calderon , Subhabrata Mukherjee , Roi Reichart , Amir Kantor

Some of the major limitations identified in the areas of argument mining, argument generation, and natural language argument analysis are related to the complexity of annotating argumentatively rich data, the limited size of these corpora,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Ramon Ruiz-Dolz , Joaquin Taverner , John Lawrence , Chris Reed

The majority of NLG systems have been designed following either a template-based or a pipeline-based architecture. Recent neural models for data-to-text generation have been proposed with an end-to-end deep learning flavor, which handles…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yan V. Sym , João Gabriel M. Campos , Marcos M. José , Fabio G. Cozman

Large Language Models (LLM) are already widely used to generate content for a variety of online platforms. As we are not able to safely distinguish LLM-generated content from human-produced content, LLM-generated content is used to train…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Martin Briesch , Dominik Sobania , Franz Rothlauf

An effective and efficient review of construction contracts is essential for minimizing construction projects losses, but current methods are time-consuming and error-prone. Studies using methods based on Natural Language Processing (NLP)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Chunmo Zheng , Saika Wong , Xing Su , Yinqiu Tang , Ahsan Nawaz , Mohamad Kassem

The rapid development of large language models has led to the widespread adoption of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which integrates external knowledge to alleviate knowledge bottlenecks and mitigate hallucinations. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Ruotong Pan , Boxi Cao , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Jia Zheng , Sirui Wang , Xunliang Cai , Le Sun

Current generative knowledge graph construction approaches usually fail to capture structural knowledge by simply flattening natural language into serialized texts or a specification language. However, large generative language model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Zhen Bi , Jing Chen , Yinuo Jiang , Feiyu Xiong , Wei Guo , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) are a major asset for companies thanks to their great flexibility in data representation and their numerous applications, e.g., vocabulary sharing, Q/A or recommendation systems. To build a KG it is a common practice…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Lucas Jarnac , Yoan Chabot , Miguel Couceiro

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a prominent method for incorporating domain knowledge into Large Language Models (LLMs). While RAG enhances response relevance by incorporating retrieved domain knowledge in the context,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Kushagra Bhushan , Yatin Nandwani , Dinesh Khandelwal , Sonam Gupta , Gaurav Pandey , Dinesh Raghu , Sachindra Joshi

Natural language generation (NLG) is a critical component in spoken dialogue system, which can be divided into two phases: (1) sentence planning: deciding the overall sentence structure, (2) surface realization: determining specific word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Shang-Yu Su , Yun-Nung Chen

The topic-to-essay generation task is a challenging natural language generation task that aims to generate paragraph-level text with high semantic coherence based on a given set of topic words. Previous work has focused on the introduction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Jieyong Wang , Chunyao Song , Yihao Wu

Understanding knowledge mechanisms in Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for advancing towards trustworthy AGI. This paper reviews knowledge mechanism analysis from a novel taxonomy including knowledge utilization and evolution.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Mengru Wang , Yunzhi Yao , Ziwen Xu , Shuofei Qiao , Shumin Deng , Peng Wang , Xiang Chen , Jia-Chen Gu , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

Automatic metrics are extensively used to evaluate natural language processing systems. However, there has been increasing focus on how they are used and reported by practitioners within the field. In this paper, we have conducted a survey…

Knowledge acquisition is the essential first step of any Knowledge Graph (KG) application. This knowledge can be extracted from a given corpus (KG generation process) or specified from an existing KG (KG specification process). Focusing on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Dimitrios Christofidellis , Matteo Manica , Leonidas Georgopoulos , Hans Vandierendonck

Schemas play a vital role in ensuring data quality and supporting usability in the Semantic Web and natural language processing. Traditionally, their creation demands substantial involvement from knowledge engineers and domain experts.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Bohui Zhang , Yuan He , Lydia Pintscher , Albert Meroño Peñuela , Elena Simperl

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown unprecedented performance in various real-world applications. However, they are known to generate factually inaccurate outputs, a.k.a. the hallucination problem. In recent years, incorporating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Haochen Liu , Song Wang , Yaochen Zhu , Yushun Dong , Jundong Li

Knowledge graphs can represent information about the real-world using entities and their relations in a structured and semantically rich manner and they enable a variety of downstream applications such as question-answering, recommendation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Hanieh Khorashadizadeh , Nandana Mihindukulasooriya , Sanju Tiwari , Jinghua Groppe , Sven Groppe