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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes settings where good decisions require forming beliefs over the probability of unknown outcomes. However, it is unclear whether LLMs act as if they hold coherent beliefs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Khurram Yamin , Jingjing Tang , Santiago Cortes-Gomez , Amit Sharma , Eric Horvitz , Bryan Wilder

As practitioners increasingly deploy machine learning models in critical domains such as health care, finance, and policy, it becomes vital to ensure that domain experts function effectively alongside these models. Explainability is one way…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Himabindu Lakkaraju , Dylan Slack , Yuxin Chen , Chenhao Tan , Sameer Singh

User simulation is essential for generating enough data to train a statistical spoken dialogue system. Previous models for user simulation suffer from several drawbacks, such as the inability to take dialogue history into account, the need…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-04 Layla El Asri , Jing He , Kaheer Suleman

Providing feedback on the argumentation of the learner is essential for developing critical thinking skills, however, it requires a lot of time and effort. To mitigate the overload on teachers, we aim to automate a process of providing…

We present a chatbot implementing a novel dialogue management approach based on logical inference. Instead of framing conversation a sequence of response generation tasks, we model conversation as a collaborative inference process in which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Sarah E. Finch , James D. Finch , Daniil Huryn , William Hutsell , Xiaoyuan Huang , Han He , Jinho D. Choi

We show that in modeling social interaction, particularly dialogue, the attitude of obligation can be a useful adjunct to the popularly considered attitudes of belief, goal, and intention and their mutual and shared counterparts. In…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 David R. Traum , James F. Allen

The rapid advancement of chat-based language models has led to remarkable progress in complex task-solving. However, their success heavily relies on human input to guide the conversation, which can be challenging and time-consuming. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Guohao Li , Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Hani Itani , Dmitrii Khizbullin , Bernard Ghanem

Human collaborators can effectively communicate with their partners to finish a common task by inferring each other's mental states (e.g., goals, beliefs, and desires). Such mind-aware communication minimizes the discrepancy among…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Xiaofeng Gao , Ran Gong , Yizhou Zhao , Shu Wang , Tianmin Shu , Song-Chun Zhu

As large dialogue models become commonplace in practice, the problems surrounding high compute requirements for training, inference and larger memory footprint still persists. In this work, we present AUTODIAL, a multi-task dialogue model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Prajjwal Bhargava , Pooyan Amini , Shahin Shayandeh , Chinnadhurai Sankar

Handling trust is one of the core requirements for facilitating effective interaction between the human and the AI agent. Thus, any decision-making framework designed to work with humans must possess the ability to estimate and leverage…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Zahra Zahedi , Sarath Sreedharan , Subbarao Kambhampati

Language models are often used as the backbone of modern dialogue systems. These models are pre-trained on large amounts of written fluent language. Repetition is typically penalised when evaluating language model generations. However, it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Aron Molnar , Jaap Jumelet , Mario Giulianelli , Arabella Sinclair

When agents interact with a complex environment, they must form and maintain beliefs about the relevant aspects of that environment. We propose a way to efficiently train expressive generative models in complex environments. We show that a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Karol Gregor , Danilo Jimenez Rezende , Frederic Besse , Yan Wu , Hamza Merzic , Aaron van den Oord

The compositionality of meaning extends beyond the single sentence. Just as words combine to form the meaning of sentences, so do sentences combine to form the meaning of paragraphs, dialogues and general discourse. We introduce both a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-06-18 Nal Kalchbrenner , Phil Blunsom

When language models answer open-ended problems, they implicitly make hidden decisions that shape their outputs, leaving users with uncontextualized answers rather than a working map of the problem; drawing on multiverse analysis from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Andre Ye , Jenny Y. Huang , Alicia Guo , Rose Novick , Tamara Broderick , Mitchell L. Gordon

Greater theorizing of methods in the computational humanities is needed for epistemological and interpretive clarity, and therefore the maturation of the field. In this paper, we frame such modeling work as engaging in translation work from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Zachary K. Stine , James E. Deitrick

In multi-turn dialog, utterances do not always take the full form of sentences \cite{Carbonell1983DiscoursePA}, which naturally makes understanding the dialog context more difficult. However, it is essential to fully grasp the dialog…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Xiuying Chen , Zhi Cui , Jiayi Zhang , Chen Wei , Jianwei Cui , Bin Wang , Dongyan Zhao , Rui Yan

Recent advances in large language models have demonstrated strong reasoning and role-playing capabilities, opening new opportunities for agent-based social simulations. However, most existing agents' implementations are scenario-tailored,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Yuwei Yan , Jinghua Piao , Xiaochong Lan , Chenyang Shao , Pan Hui , Yong Li

A key challenge of dialog systems research is to effectively and efficiently adapt to new domains. A scalable paradigm for adaptation necessitates the development of generalizable models that perform well in few-shot settings. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Shikib Mehri , Mihail Eric

Task transfer, transferring knowledge contained in related tasks, holds the promise of reducing the quantity of labeled data required to fine-tune language models. Dialogue understanding encompasses many diverse tasks, yet task transfer has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Alon Albalak , Yi-Lin Tuan , Pegah Jandaghi , Connor Pryor , Luke Yoffe , Deepak Ramachandran , Lise Getoor , Jay Pujara , William Yang Wang

Large language models have advanced rapidly, from pattern recognition to emerging forms of reasoning, yet they remain confined to linguistic simulation rather than grounded understanding. They can produce fluent outputs that resemble…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Rikard Rosenbacke , Carl Rosenbacke , Victor Rosenbacke , Martin McKee