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We quantify the linguistic complexity of different languages' morphological systems. We verify that there is an empirical trade-off between paradigm size and irregularity: a language's inflectional paradigms may be either large in size or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Ryan Cotterell , Christo Kirov , Mans Hulden , Jason Eisner

This paper reports the core linguistic work performed to construct a dictionary-based morphological analyser for Malagasy simple verbs. It uses the Unitex platform and comprised the contruction of an electronic dictionary for Malagasy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Joro Ny Aina Ranaivoarison , Eric Laporte , Baholisoa Simone Ralalaoherivony

Recent years have brought great advances into solving morphological tasks, mostly due to powerful neural models applied to various tasks as (re)inflection and analysis. Yet, such morphological tasks cannot be considered solved, especially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-23 David Guriel , Omer Goldman , Reut Tsarfaty

Recent advances in large language model (LLM) embeddings have enabled powerful representations for biological data, but most applications to date focus on gene-level information. We present one of the first systematic frameworks to generate…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-01 Hongqian Niu , Jordan Bryan , Jacob Williams , Hufeng Zhou , Haoyu Zhang , Xihao Li , Didong Li

Prior studies in multilingual language modeling (e.g., Cotterell et al., 2018; Mielke et al., 2019) disagree on whether or not inflectional morphology makes languages harder to model. We attempt to resolve the disagreement and extend those…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Hyunji Hayley Park , Katherine J. Zhang , Coleman Haley , Kenneth Steimel , Han Liu , Lane Schwartz

Computational morphology handles the language processing at the word level. It is one of the foundational tasks in the NLP pipeline for the development of higher level NLP applications. It mainly deals with the processing of words and word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Jatayu Baxi , Brijesh Bhatt

The Universal Morphology (UniMorph) project is a collaborative effort providing broad-coverage instantiated normalized morphological inflection tables for hundreds of diverse world languages. The project comprises two major thrusts: a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Khuyagbaatar Batsuren , Omer Goldman , Salam Khalifa , Nizar Habash , Witold Kieraś , Gábor Bella , Brian Leonard , Garrett Nicolai , Kyle Gorman , Yustinus Ghanggo Ate , Maria Ryskina , Sabrina J. Mielke , Elena Budianskaya , Charbel El-Khaissi , Tiago Pimentel , Michael Gasser , William Lane , Mohit Raj , Matt Coler , Jaime Rafael Montoya Samame , Delio Siticonatzi Camaiteri , Benoît Sagot , Esaú Zumaeta Rojas , Didier López Francis , Arturo Oncevay , Juan López Bautista , Gema Celeste Silva Villegas , Lucas Torroba Hennigen , Adam Ek , David Guriel , Peter Dirix , Jean-Philippe Bernardy , Andrey Scherbakov , Aziyana Bayyr-ool , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Roberto Zariquiey , Karina Sheifer , Sofya Ganieva , Hilaria Cruz , Ritván Karahóǧa , Stella Markantonatou , George Pavlidis , Matvey Plugaryov , Elena Klyachko , Ali Salehi , Candy Angulo , Jatayu Baxi , Andrew Krizhanovsky , Natalia Krizhanovskaya , Elizabeth Salesky , Clara Vania , Sardana Ivanova , Jennifer White , Rowan Hall Maudslay , Josef Valvoda , Ran Zmigrod , Paula Czarnowska , Irene Nikkarinen , Aelita Salchak , Brijesh Bhatt , Christopher Straughn , Zoey Liu , Jonathan North Washington , Yuval Pinter , Duygu Ataman , Marcin Wolinski , Totok Suhardijanto , Anna Yablonskaya , Niklas Stoehr , Hossep Dolatian , Zahroh Nuriah , Shyam Ratan , Francis M. Tyers , Edoardo M. Ponti , Grant Aiton , Aryaman Arora , Richard J. Hatcher , Ritesh Kumar , Jeremiah Young , Daria Rodionova , Anastasia Yemelina , Taras Andrushko , Igor Marchenko , Polina Mashkovtseva , Alexandra Serova , Emily Prud'hommeaux , Maria Nepomniashchaya , Fausto Giunchiglia , Eleanor Chodroff , Mans Hulden , Miikka Silfverberg , Arya D. McCarthy , David Yarowsky , Ryan Cotterell , Reut Tsarfaty , Ekaterina Vylomova

In recent years, a flurry of morphological datasets had emerged, most notably UniMorph, a multi-lingual repository of inflection tables. However, the flat structure of the current morphological annotation schema makes the treatment of some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 David Guriel , Omer Goldman , Reut Tsarfaty

We train neural models for morphological analysis, generation and lemmatization for morphologically rich languages. We present a method for automatically extracting substantially large amount of training data from FSTs for 22 languages, out…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Mika Hämäläinen , Niko Partanen , Jack Rueter , Khalid Alnajjar

Dealing with the complex word forms in morphologically rich languages is an open problem in language processing, and is particularly important in translation. In contrast to most modern neural systems of translation, which discard the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-06-15 Ekaterina Vylomova , Trevor Cohn , Xuanli He , Gholamreza Haffari

This document describes a couple of tools that help to quickly design and develop computer (formalized) languages. The first one use Flex to perform lexical analysis and the second is an extention of Prolog DCGs to perfom syntactical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Thierry Despeyroux

The CoNLL--SIGMORPHON 2018 shared task on supervised learning of morphological generation featured data sets from 103 typologically diverse languages. Apart from extending the number of languages involved in earlier supervised tasks of…

In this paper, the problem of recovery of morphological information lost in abbreviated forms is addressed with a focus on highly inflected languages. Evidence is presented that the correct inflected form of an expanded abbreviation can in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Piotr Żelasko

All natural language processing systems (such as parsers, generators, taggers) need to have access to a lexicon about the words in the language. This thesis presents a lexicon architecture for natural language processing in Turkish. Given a…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Abdullah Kurtulus Yorulmaz

Our goal is to use formal methods to analyse normative documents written in English, such as privacy policies and service-level agreements. This requires the combination of a number of different elements, including information extraction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-14 John J. Camilleri , Mohammad Reza Haghshenas , Gerardo Schneider

The paper presents a linguistic and computational model aiming at making the morphological structure of the lexicon emerge from the formal and semantic regularities of the words it contains. The model is word-based. The proposed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2009-05-12 Nabil Hathout

Morphological Analysis is an important branch of linguistics for any Natural Language Processing Technology. Morphology studies the word structure and formation of word of a language. In current scenario of NLP research, morphological…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-03-16 Mirzanur Rahman , Shikhar Kumar Sarma

We propose to cast the task of morphological inflection - mapping a lemma to an indicated inflected form - for resource-poor languages as a meta-learning problem. Treating each language as a separate task, we use data from high-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Katharina Kann , Samuel R. Bowman , Kyunghyun Cho

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong machine translation capabilities for English-centric language pairs but underperform in direct non-English (x2x) translation. This work addresses this limitation through a synthetic data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Sen Yang , Yu Bao , Yu Lu , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang , Shanbo Cheng

We introduce an extensive dataset for multilingual probing of morphological information in language models (247 tasks across 42 languages from 10 families), each consisting of a sentence with a target word and a morphological tag as the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Judit Acs , Endre Hamerlik , Roy Schwartz , Noah A. Smith , Andras Kornai