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There is a long-standing question as to whether and to what extent it is possible to describe nonequilibrium systems in stationary states in terms of global thermodynamic functions. The positive answers have been obtained only for…
Ehrenfest urns with interaction that are connected in a ring is considered as a paradigm model for non-equilibrium thermodynamics and is shown to exhibit two distinct non-equilibrium steady states (NESS) of uniform and non-uniform particle…
One-dimensional systems, such as nanowires or electrons moving along strong magnetic field lines, have peculiar thermalization physics. The binary collision of point-like particles, typically the dominant process for reaching thermal…
Calorimetry for equilibrium systems aims to determine the available microscopic occupation and distribution of energy levels by measuring thermal response. Nonequilibrium versions are expected to add information on the dynamical…
We study the thermodynamical properties of a one-dimensional gas with one-dimensional gravitational interactions, and placed in a uniform mass background. Periodic boundary conditions are implemented as a modification of the potential…
We consider a system of particles subjected to a uniform external force E and undergoing random collisions with "virtual" fixed obstacles, as in the Drude model of conductivity. The system is maintained in a nonequilibrium stationary state…
Two deterministic models for Brownian motion are investigated by means of numerical simulations and kinetic theory arguments. The first model consists of a heavy hard disk immersed in a rarefied gas of smaller and lighter hard disks acting…
We study the single-particle distributions of three-dimensional hard sphere gas described by the Boltzmann equation. We focus on the steady homogeneous isotropic solutions in thermodynamically open conditions, i.e. in the presence of…
We study transient thermal processes in infinite harmonic crystals with complex (polyatomic) lattice. Initially particles have zero displacements and random velocities such that distribution of temperature is spatially uniform. Initial…
The equilibrium conditions of a system consisting of a box with gas divided by a piston are revised. The apparent indetermination of the problem is solved by explicitly imposing the constancy of the internal energy when the Entropy Maximum…
We investigate the stationary nonequilibrium states of a quasi one-dimensional system of heavy particles whose interaction is mediated by purely elastic collisions with light particles, in contact at the boundary with two heat baths with…
We investigate a one-dimensional system of $N$ particles, initially distributed with random positions and velocities, interacting through binary collisions. The collision rule is such that there is a time after which the $N$ particles do…
A granular gas composed of inelastic hard spheres or disks in the homogeneous cooling state is considered. Some of the particles are labeled and their number density exhibits a time-independent linear profile along a given direction. As a…
Non-equilibrium phase coexistence is commonly observed in both biological and artificial systems, yet understanding it remains a significant challenge. Unlike equilibrium systems, where free energy provides a unifying framework, the absence…
We propose a variational formulation for the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of discrete open systems, i.e., discrete systems which can exchange mass and heat with the exterior. Our approach is based on a general variational formulation for…
It is believed that thermalization in closed systems of interacting particles can occur only when the eigenstates are fully delocalized and chaotic in the preferential (unperturbed) basis of the total Hamiltonian. Here we demonstrate that…
Nonequilibrium dynamics and effective thermalization are studied in a resonant tunneling scenario via multilevel Landau-Zener crossings. Our realistic many-body system, composed of two energy bands, naturally allows a separation of degrees…
We study numerically an inhomogeneous Ising lattice gas with short-range interactions where different sectors are in contact with thermal baths at different temperatures. Inside the different sectors particles jump to empty sites following…
Developing the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of friction is required for systematic design of low friction surfaces for a broad range of technological applications. Intuitively, the thermodynamic work done by a material sliding along a…
We propose a new formulation of the fluctuating lattice Boltzmann equation that is consistent with both equilibrium statististical mechanics and fluctuating hydrodynamics. The formalism is based on a generalized lattice-gas model, with each…