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Landauer erasure seems to provide a powerful link between thermodynamics and information processing (logical computation). The only logical operations that require a generation of heat are logically irreversible ones, with the minimum heat…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2009-12-11 O. J. E. Maroney

Irreversible information processing cannot be carried out without some inevitable thermodynamical work cost. This fundamental restriction, known as Landauer's principle, is increasingly relevant today, as the energy dissipation of computing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-08 Philippe Faist , Frédéric Dupuis , Jonathan Oppenheim , Renato Renner

According to the Landauer principle, any logically irreversible process accompanies entropy production, which results in heat dissipation in the environment. Erasing of information, one of the primary logically irreversible processes, has a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-05 Pritam Chattopadhyay , Avijit Misra , Tanmoy Pandit , Goutam Paul

This brief note argues that, contrary to the claim of Ishioka and Fuchikami (chao-dyn/9902012), Landauer's principle is concerned a priori with entropy generation in computing processes. The concept of heat, in this principle, is only…

chao-dyn · Physics 2007-05-23 Hugo Touchette

We review the physical foundations of Landauer's Principle, which relates the loss of information from a computational process to an increase in thermodynamic entropy. Despite the long history of the Principle, its fundamental rationale and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Michael P. Frank

In thermodynamics one considers thermal systems and the maximization of entropy subject to the conservation of energy. A consequence is Landauer's erasure principle, which states that the erasure of 1 bit of information requires a minimum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-19 Stephen M. Barnett , Joan A. Vaccaro

We review and investigate the general theory of thermodynamics of computation, and derive the fundamental inequalities that set the lower bounds of the work requirement and the heat emission during a computation. These inequalities…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-17 Takahiro Sagawa

Information erasure at the molecular scale during the depolymerization of copolymers is shown to require a minimum entropy production in accordance with Landauer's principle and as a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics. This…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-16 David Andrieux , Pierre Gaspard

We consider the generalized second law of black hole thermodynamics in the light of quantum information theory, in particular information erasure and Landauer's principle (namely, that erasure of information produces at least the equivalent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 David D. Song , Elizabeth Winstanley

Conventional computing has many sources of heat dissipation, but one of these--the Landauer limit--poses a fundamental lower bound of 1 bit of entropy per bit erased. 'Reversible Computing' avoids this source of dissipation, but is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Hannah Earley

Landauer's erasure principle exposes an intrinsic relation between thermodynamics and information theory: the erasure of information stored in a system, S, requires an amount of work proportional to the entropy of that system. This entropy,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-06-28 Lídia del Rio , Johan Aberg , Renato Renner , Oscar Dahlsten , Vlatko Vedral

It is generally accepted, following Landauer and Bennett, that the process of measurement involves no minimum entropy cost, but the erasure of information in resetting the memory register of a computer to zero requires dissipating heat into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Bub

Landauer's principle, often regarded as the foundation of the thermodynamics of information processing, holds that any logically irreversible manipulation of information, such as the erasure of a bit or the merging of two computation paths,…

Classical Physics · Physics 2011-01-11 Charles H. Bennett

To make clear several issues relating with the thermodynamics of computations, we perform a simulation of a binary device using a Langevin equation. Based on our numerical results, we consider how to estimate thermodynamic entropy of…

chao-dyn · Physics 2019-08-17 Nobuko Fuchikami , Hijiri Iwata , Shunya Ishioka

The fundamental lower bounds of the thermodynamic energy cost (work) needed for the measurement and the erasure of information are found. The lower bound for the erasure vindicates the "Landauer's principle" for a special case, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Takahiro Sagawa , Masahito Ueda

We speculate whether the second law of thermodynamics has more to do with Turing machines than steam pipes. It states the logical reversibility of reality as a computation, i.e., the fact that no information is forgotten: nature computes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-15 Stefan Wolf

The equivalence of 1 bit of information to entropy was given by Landauer in 1961 as kln2, k the Boltzmann constant. Erasing information implies heat dissipation and the energy of 1 bit would then be (the Landauers limit) kT ln 2, T being…

General Physics · Physics 2014-01-24 Antonio Alfonso-Faus

An important step to incorporate information in the second law of thermodynamics was done by Landauer, showing that the erasure of information implies an increase in heat. Most attempts to justify Landauer's erasure principle are based on…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-04-04 Xavier Oriols , Hrvoje Nikolić

Within an inherently classical perspective, there is always an unavoidable energy cost associated with the information deletion and this common lore is at the heart of the Landauer's conjecture that does not impose, per se, any relevant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Massimo Giovannini

Starting from Landauer's slogan "information is physical," we revise and modify Landauer's principle stating that the erasure of information has a minimal price in the form of a certain quantity of free energy. We establish a direct link…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-20 Ämin Baumeler , Stefan Wolf
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