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This thesis concerns the compatibility of inhomogeneous cosmologies with our present understanding of the universe. It is a problem of some interest to find the class of all relativistic cosmological models which are capable of providing a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Chris A. Clarkson

We discuss inhomogeneous cosmological models which satisfy the Copernican principle. We construct some inhomogeneous cosmological models starting from the ansatz that the all the observers in the models view an isotropic cosmic microwave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 C. A. Clarkson , A. A. Coley , E. S. D. O'Neill , R. A. Sussman , R. K. Barrett

We demonstrate that the high isotropy of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), combined with the Copernican principle, is not sufficient to prove homogeneity of the universe -- in contrast to previous results on this subject. The crucial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Chris Clarkson , Richard Barrett

In this manuscript, we show that three fundamental building blocks are supporting the Cosmological Principle. The first of them states that there is a special frame in the universe where the spatial geometry is intrinsically homogeneous and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-05 Leandro G. Gomes

The cosmological principle is fundamental to the standard cosmological model. It assumes that the Universe is homogeneous and isotropic on very large scales. As the basic assumption, it must stand the test of various observations. In this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-13 J. P. Hu , Y. Y. Wang , J. Hu , F. Y. Wang

The apparent accelerating expansion of the Universe is forcing us to examine the foundational aspects of the standard model of cosmology -- in particular, the fact that dark energy is a direct consequence of the homogeneity assumption. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-21 Chris Clarkson , Roy Maartens

We pursue a program to confront observations with inhomogeneous extensions of the FLRW metric. The main idea is to test the Copernican principle rather than assuming it a priori. We consider the $\Lambda$CDM model endowed with a spherical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-23 David Camarena , Valerio Marra , Ziad Sakr , Chris Clarkson

Recent observational analyses have suggested possible evidence of hemisphere asymmetry in cosmological datasets. Parameterizations of this kind place observers in a privileged position-specifically on the plane that divides the two…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-16 Xin Wang , Zhiqi Huang

Inhomogeneous universe models have been proposed as an alternative explanation for the apparent acceleration of the cosmic expansion that does not require dark energy. In the simplest class of inhomogeneous models, we live within a large,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Michael Blomqvist , Edvard Mortsell

The Cosmological Principle, which states that the Universe is homogeneous and isotropic (when averaged on large scales), is the foundational assumption of Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmologies such as the current standard…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-15 Nathan Secrest , Sebastian von Hausegger , Mohamed Rameez , Roya Mohayaee , Subir Sarkar

Usually the effects of isotropic inhomogeneities are not seriously taken into account in the determination of the cosmological parameters because of Copernican principle whose statement is that we do not live in the privileged domain in the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-02 Hiroyuki Negishi , Ken-ichi Nakao , Chul-Moon Yoo , Ryusuke Nishikawa

In recent years, there have been increasing challenges to the cosmological principle, based on new observations of e.g. supernovae and the cosmic bulk flow. As a result, the cosmological community is speaking their concern for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-15 Robbert W. Scholtens , Marcello Seri , Holger Waalkens , Rien van de Weygaert

Usually, we assume that there is no inhomogeneity isotropic in terms of our location in our uni- verse. This assumption has not been observationally confirmed yet in sufficient accuracy, and we need to consider the possibility that there…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-06 Hiroyuki Negishi , Ken-ichi Nakao

Much of modern cosmology relies on the Cosmological Principle, the assumption that the Universe is isotropic and homogeneous on sufficiently large scales, but it remains worthwhile to examine cosmological models that violate this principle…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-01 Ananda F. Smith , Craig J. Copi , Glenn D. Starkman

The cosmological principle is a cornerstone of the standard cosmological model. However, recent observations suggest potential deviations from this assumption, hinting at a small anisotropic expansion. Such an expansion can arise from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-23 Jose L. Palacios-Córdoba , J. Bayron Orjuela-Quintana , Gabriela A. Valencia-Zuñiga , César A. Valenzuela-Toledo

We present a new programme for placing constraints on radial inhomogeneity in a dark-energy dominated universe. We introduce a new measure to quantify violations of the Copernican principle. Any violation of this principle would interfere…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-02-11 Wessel Valkenburg , Valerio Marra , Chris Clarkson

Assuming that the cosmological principle holds, Maartens, Ellis and Stoeger (MES) recently constructed a detailed scheme linking anisotropies in the cosmic background radiation (CMB) with anisotropies and inhomogeneities in the large scale…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-01 William Stoeger , Marcelo Araujo , Tim Gebbie

Homogeneity is a crucial, but poorly tested, assumption in cosmology. We introduce a new approach which allows us to place limits on the presence of localized structures within essentially our entire observable volume, using cosmic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-09-15 James. P. Zibin , Adam Moss

In this manuscript, we investigate the patterns satisfied by the cosmological anisotropy under the hypothesis of the observers being co-moving with a perfect fluid whose induced space sections are homogeneous with vanishing scalar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-31 Leandro G. Gomes

We show the existence of spatially homogeneous but anisotropic cosmological models whose cosmic microwave background temperature is exactly isotropic at one instant of time but whose rate of expansion is highly anisotropic. The existence of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 W C Lim , U S Nilsson , J Wainwright
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