Related papers: Carbon Burning in Supernovae and Evolving Physical…
We study the sensitivity of presupernova evolution and supernova nucleosynthesis yields of massive stars to variations of the helium-burning reaction rates within the range of their uncertainties. We use the current solar abundances from…
New facilities to measure neutrino-nucleus cross sections, such as those possible in conjunction with spallation neutron sources, could provide an experimental foundation for the many neutrino-nucleus weak interaction rates needed in…
This review concentrates on nucleosynthesis processes in general and their applications to massive stars and supernovae. A brief initial introduction is given to the physics in astrophysical plasmas which governs composition changes. We…
Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) play a critical role in astrophysics, yet their origin remains mysterious. A crucial physical mechanism in any SN Ia model is the initiation of the detonation front which ultimately unbinds the white dwarf…
We present a detailed study of the evolution of massive stars of masses 15, 20, 25 and 30 $\msun$ assuming solar-like initial chemical composition. The stellar sequences were evolved through the advanced burning phases up to the end of core…
This chapter will go through the important nuclear reactions in stellar evolution and explosions, passing through the individual stellar burning stages and also explosive burning conditions. To follow the changes in the composition of…
The success or failure of the neutrino-transport mechanism for producing a supernova in an evolved massive star is known to be sensitive not only to the mass of the iron core that collapses, but also to the density gradient in the silicon…
We study high-energy (HE) neutrino production from interactions between supernova (SN) ejecta and the surrounding circumstellar material (CSM), focusing on regular Type~II and Type~IIn SNe. Using observationally inferred CSM density…
The calculations of the light curves of thermonuclear supernovae are carried out by a method of multi-group radiation hydrodynamics. The effects of spectral lines and expansion opacity are taken into account. The predictions for UBVI fluxes…
Stars with initial masses 7 Msun . MZAMS . 9 Msun reach temperatures high enough to ignite C under degenerate conditions after the end of He-core burning (Garcia-Berro & Iben 1994). These isolated stars are expected to evolve into the…
Neutrino losses from proto-neutron stars play a pivotal role to decide if these stars would be crushed into black holes or explode as supernovae. Recent observations of subluminous Type II-P supernovae (e.g., 2005cs, 2003gd, 1999br, 1997D)…
Chemical constants extracted from $^{124}$Xe+ $^{124}$Sn collisions at 32 AMeV are compared to the predictions of an extended Nuclear Statistical Equilibrium model including mean-field interactions and in-medium binding energy shifts for…
Core-collapse supernovae are one of the most energetic events in the universe ($10^{46} J$). When a massive star (M $>$ 8 M$_{\odot}$) ignites its last fusion stage where silicon fusion makes iron, its end is then very close. Basically, the…
Supernovae (SNe) with strong interactions with circumstellar material (CSM) are promising candidate sources of high-energy neutrinos and gamma rays, and have been suggested as an important contributor to Galactic cosmic rays beyond 1 PeV.…
Critically understanding the `standard candle'-like behavior of Type Ia supernovae requires understanding their explosion mechanism. One family of models for Type Ia Supernovae begins with a deflagration in a Carbon-Oxygen white dwarf which…
We calculate the reaction cross-sections for the fusion of hydrogen and deuterium in strong magnetic fields as are believed to exist in the atmospheres of neutron stars. We find that in the presence of a strong magnetic field ($B \gsim…
We initiate a holographic study of coupling-dependent heavy ion collisions by analysing for the first time the effects of leading-order, inverse coupling constant corrections. In the dual description, this amounts to colliding gravitational…
Massive stars have a strong impact on their surroundings, in particular when they produce a core-collapse supernova at the end of their evolution. In these proceedings, we review the general evolution of massive stars and their properties…
We focus on uncertainties in supernova measurements, in particular of individual magnitudes and redshifts, to review to what extent supernovae measurements of the expansion history of the universe are likely to allow us to constrain a…
Type-Ia supernovae (SN Ia) are powerful stellar explosions that provide important distance indicators in cosmology. Recently, we proposed a new SN Ia mechanism that involves a nuclear fission chain reaction in an isolated white dwarf (WD)…